In the mouse whisker system, sensory information is relayed to the whisker somatosensory cortex by two major thalamic nuclei, the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPM) and the posterior medial nucleus (POM). While the cortical axonal innervation pattern o ...
Stably stratified turbulent flows over an unbounded, smooth, planar sloping surface at high Grashof numbers are examined using direct numerical simulations ( DNS). Four sloping angles ( alpha = 15 degrees; 30 degrees; 60 degrees and 90 degrees) and three G ...
Over the course of a 4-day period of metamorphosis, the Drosophila larval nervous system is remodeled to prepare for adult-specific behaviors. One example is the reorganization of peripheral nerves in the abdomen, where five pairs of abdominal nerves (A4-A ...
Permeable membranes are indispensable for in vitro epithelial barrier models. However, currently available polymer-based membranes are low in porosity and relatively thick, resulting in a limited permeability and unrealistic culture conditions. In this stu ...
TAF4 (TATA-binding protein-associated factor 4) and its paralogue TAF4b are components of the TFIID core module. We inactivated the murine Taf4a gene to address Taf4 function during embryogenesis. Here we show that Taf4a(-/-) embryos survive until E9.5 whe ...
Metamorphosis is a crucial step in the life cycle of a scleractinian coral: The swimming coral larva, the planula, settles, and metamorphoses into a sessile calcifying primary polyp, which subsequently grows into an adult colony. Importantly, morphogenesis ...
Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to induce ablation and functional occlusion of tumor-associated lymphatic vessels. However, direct effects of PDT on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) have not been studied so far. The aim of this stud ...
By live-cell imaging of biological samples dynamic cellular processes can be resolved. Fluorescence microscopy (FM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are both capable of imaging live cells. By combining these techniques structural as well as functional inf ...
Growing interest in the role of ions as cell death regulators has led to the consideration of K+, which plays a major role in events such as necrosis, apoptosis and osmotic shock. These mechanisms induce effluxes of K+, which can be m ...
Once generated, neurons are thought to permanently exit the cell cycle and become irreversibly differentiated. However, neither the precise point at which this post-mitotic state is attained nor the extent of its irreversibility is clearly defined. Here we ...
Whiskers (also known as vibrissae) are sensory organs that are thought to have first appeared in Therapsida, a group of synapsids that includes mammals and evolutionary ancestors like the Thrinaxodon(1). They are highly conserved among mammals to the notab ...
