Publications related to Toll-like receptor 4

The CRL5-SPSB3 ubiquitin ligase targets nuclear cGAS for degradation

Andrea Ablasser, Baptiste Claude André Guey, Jonathan Jean-Pierre Ricci, Chong Liu, Pauline Ambre Melenec, Pengbiao Xu, Lingyun Li, Ying Liu

Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) senses aberrant DNA during infection, cancer and inflammatory disease, and initiates potent innate immune responses through the synthesis of 2 ' 3 '-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)1-7. The indiscriminate activity of cGAS towards DNA d ...

Nature Portfolio2024

Exploring the role of cGAS-STING-mediated inflammation in age-associated neurodegeneration and antitumor immunity

Natasha Ella Samson

Inflammation stands as a dynamic and intricate biological process, promoting vital defence mechanisms against harmful stimuli, including infections and injuries, to drive pathogen clearance and healing. On one hand, these responses can manifest acutely and ...

EPFL2024

Rare predicted loss-of-function variants of type I IFN immunity genes are associated with life-threatening COVID-19

Jacques Fellay, Yu Zhang, Peng Zhang, Qian Zhang

BackgroundWe previously reported that impaired type I IFN activity, due to inborn errors of TLR3- and TLR7-dependent type I interferon (IFN) immunity or to autoantibodies against type I IFN, account for 15-20% of cases of life-threatening COVID-19 in unvac ...

BMC2023

Tracking spatiotemporal localisation and interactions of the innate immune sensor STING

Sophie Marie Elisabeth Rivara

Innate immunity, the very first line of defence of our cells, relies on the detection of universal pathogen- or danger-associated signals to launch an inflammatory response. A crucial part of our innate immune system is based on the recognition of out-of-c ...

EPFL2023

Acute TNF alpha levels predict cognitive impairment 6-9 months after COVID-19 infection

Dimitri Nestor Alice Van De Ville, Alessandra Griffa, Alexandre Cionca, Idris Guessous

Background: A neurocognitive phenotype of post-COVID-19 infection has recently been described that is characterized by a lack of awareness of memory impairment (i.e., anosognosia), altered functional connectivity in the brain's default mode and limbic netw ...

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2023

Unlocking Hidden Potential: Exploring the Complexities of Signaling in Immune Cell Activation to Optimize CAR Therapy

Mathieu Girardin

Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic, transmembrane proteins that trigger immune cell signaling following their engagement. They have been first utilized in T cells and later in natural killer (NK) cells to redirect their cytotoxicity toward a s ...

EPFL2023

Exploring the mechanisms governing nuclear cGAS localization and activity

Marilena Wischnewski

Recognition of pathogen-derived molecules through germline-encoded receptors is a fundamental principle of innate immunity. Pattern recognition receptors detect specific intracellular danger signals to trigger potent immune responses. The DNA sensor cyclic ...

EPFL2022

Type 1 piliated uropathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response by binding to CD14

Kathrin Tomasek

A key attribute of persistent or recurring bacterial infections is the ability of the pathogen to evade the host's immune response. Many Enterobacteriaceae express type 1 pili, a pre-adapted virulence trait, to invade host epithelial cells and establish pe ...

eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD2022

Pleiotropic effects of mitochondria in aging

Johan Auwerx, Tanes Imamura de Lima, Adrienne Joëlle Laurence Mottis, Yang Li

Aging is typified by a progressive decline in mitochondrial activity and stress resilience. Here, we review how mitochondrial stress pathways have pleiotropic effects on cellular and systemic homeostasis, which can comprise protective or detrimental respon ...

SPRINGERNATURE2022

The Drosophila Baramicin polypeptide gene protects against fungal infection

Bruno Lemaitre, Mark Austin Hanson, Igor Iatsenko, Alice Marra

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster combats microbial infection by producing a battery of effector peptides that are secreted into the haemolymph. Technical difficulties prevented the investigation of these short effector genes until the recent advent of ...

2021

Dual proteomics of Drosophila melanogaster hemolymph infected with the heritable endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Fanny Schüpfer, Florent François Masson, Alice Marra

Insects are frequently infected with heritable bacterial endosymbionts. Endosymbionts have a dramatic impact on their host physiology and evolution. Their tissue distribution is variable with some species being housed intracellularly, some extracellularly ...

2021

A Manganese Phosphate Nanocluster Activates the cGAS‐STING Pathway for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy

Li Tang, Yugang Guo, Yuqing Xie, Min Gao, Armand Kurum, Kewen Lei, Yu Zhao, Xiaomeng Hu, Simon Bart M. Van Herck

Targeting the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway with cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), the natural STING agonists, is a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for cancer. However, the clinical application of natural CDNs as therapeutics is greatly hi ...

2021

TGR5/Cathepsin E signaling regulates macrophage innate immune activation in liver ischemia and reperfusion injury

Johan Auwerx, Kristina Schoonjans, Qi Wang

The role and underlying mechanism of plasma membrane-bound G protein-coupled bile acid receptor (TGR5) in regulating macrophage innate immune activation during liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury remains largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that T ...

2021

Immune serum-activated human macrophages coordinate with eosinophils to immobilize Ascaris suum larvae

Nicola Harris, Beatrice Volpe, Julia Esser-von Bieren, Tiffany Babette Angélique Bouchery, Kathleen Shah

Helminth infection represents a major health problem causing approximately 5 million disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Concerns that repeated anti-helminthic treatment may lead to drug resistance render it important that vaccines are developed but ...

WILEY2020

Role of Nimrod receptors in the Drosophila melanogaster cellular immune response

Claudia Melcarne

The use of modern molecular biology tools and simple but powerful tractable model organisms such as Drosophila has contributed significantly to our recent advances in the innate immunity field, notably phagocytosis. Since 2001, many phagocytic transmembran ...

EPFL2020

Nucleic acids presenting polymer nanomaterials as vaccine adjuvants

Maartje Martina Cornelia Bastings, Kaltrina Paloja, Alice Comberlato

Most vaccines developed today include only the antigens that best stimulate the immune system rather than the entire virus or microbe, which makes vaccine production and use safer and easier, though they lack potency to induce acceptable immunity and long- ...

Royal Society of Chemistry2019

Two Nimrod receptors, NimC1 and Eater, synergistically contribute to bacterial phagocytosis in Drosophila melanogaster

Bruno Lemaitre, Jan Paul Dudzic, Elodie Julie Virginie Ramond, Andrew Jonathan Bretscher, Claudia Melcarne

Eater and NimC1 are transmembrane receptors of the Drosophila Nimrod family, specifically expressed in haemocytes, the insect blood cells. Previous ex vivo and in vivoRNAi studies have pointed to their role in the phagocytosis of bacteria. Here, we have cr ...

2019

Patchy Amphiphilic Dendrimers Bind Adenovirus and Control Its Host Interactions and in Vivo Distribution

Francesco Stellacci, Weina Liu

The surface of proteins is heterogeneous with sophisticated but precise hydrophobic and hydrophilic patches, which is essential for their diverse biological functions. To emulate such distinct surface patterns on macromolecules, we used rigid spherical syn ...

2019

Redox-responsive interleukin-2 nanogel specifically and safely promotes the proliferation and memory precursor differentiation of tumor-reactive T-cells

Li Tang, Lixia Wei, Yuqing Xie, Hacer Arik

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a potent T-cell mitogen that can adjuvant anti-cancer adoptive T-cell transfer (ACT) immunotherapy by promoting T-cell engraftment. However, the clinical applications of IL-2 in combination with ACT are greatly hindered by the sever ...

2019

Differential presentation of a single antimicrobial peptide is sufficient to identify LPS from distinct bacterial samples

Timothy Matthias Reichart

Rapid detection and identification of bacteria is important for human health, biodefense, and food safety. Small arrays of different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) enable the identification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) samples from a variety of bacterial spe ...

2019