Publications related to Enterovirus

Influence of Amino Acid Substitutions in Capsid Proteins of Coxsackievirus B5 on Free Chlorine and Thermal Inactivation

Tamar Kohn, Aleksandar Antanasijevic, Shotaro Torii, Kiruthika Kumar

The sensitivity of enteroviruses to disinfectants varies among genetically similar variants and coincides with amino acid changes in capsid proteins, although the effect of individual substitutions remains unknown. Here, we employed reverse genetics to inv ...

2024

Observed Kinetics of Enterovirus Inactivation by Free Chlorine Are Host Cell-Dependent

Tamar Kohn, Shannon Christa David, Shotaro Torii, Odile Marie Clotilde Hervás de Nalda-Larivé, Federica Cariti

Virucidal efficacies of disinfectants are typically assessed by infectivity assay utilizing a single type of host cell. Enteroviruses infect multiple host cells via various entry routes, and each entry route may be impaired differently by a given disinfect ...

2023

Selective elimination of enterovirus genotypes by activated sludge and chlorination

Tamar Kohn, Shotaro Torii

Enteroviruses, which are commonly circulating viruses shed in the stool, are released into the sewage system and only partially removed or inactivated, resulting in the discharge of infectious enteroviruses into the environment. Activated sludge and chlori ...

2023

Numerical simulation of the fate, transport and public health risks of enteric viruses in Lake Geneva

Chaojie Li

Lakes are a fundamental feature of nature with brilliance, profoundness and complexity. Various of physical, chemical and biological changes take place three dimensionally in deep lakes, regulated by complicated boundary conditions. To understand and predi ...

EPFL2023

Genotype-Dependent Kinetics of Enterovirus Inactivation by Free Chlorine and Ultraviolet (UV) Irradiation

Tamar Kohn, Shotaro Torii

Inactivation kinetics of enterovirus by disinfection is often studied using a single laboratory strain of a given genotype. Environmental variants of enterovirus are genetically distinct from the corresponding laboratory strain, yet it is poorly understood ...

2022

Effect of wastewater treatment and environmental exposure on an enterovirus population

Odile Marie Clotilde Hervás de Nalda-Larivé

The presence of viruses in recreational water can present a risk for human health and wastewater effluent is a source of virus in the environment. Their persistence in the environment influences their probability to find a new host. Studies have shown that ...

EPFL2022

An integrated cell culture reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (ICC-RTqPCR) method to simultaneously quantify the infectious concentrations of eight environmentally relevant enterovirus serotypes

Tamar Kohn, Jade Brandani, Odile Marie Clotilde Hervás de Nalda-Larivé, Manupriyam Dubey

Enterovirus (EV) infectivity is typically measured as a bulk parameter, yet EV serotypes vary in their susceptibility to natural and engineered stressors. Here we developed an integrated cell culture reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (ICC-RTqPCR) meth ...

2021

Salt enhances the thermostability of enteroviruses by stabilizing capsid protein interfaces

Tamar Kohn, Matteo Dal Peraro, Simon Meister, Alessio Prunotto

Enteroviruses are common agents of infectious disease that are spread by the fecal-oral route. They are readily inactivated by mild heat, which causes the viral capsid to disintegrate or undergo conformational change. While beneficial for the thermal treat ...

American Society for Microbiology2020

Adaptation of Human Enterovirus to Warm Environments Leads to Resistance against Chlorine Disinfection

Tamar Kohn, Anna Carratala Ripolles, Virginie Bachmann, Timothy R. Julian

Sunlight, temperature, and microbial grazing are among the environmental factors promoting the inactivation of viral pathogens in surface waters. Globally, these factors vary across time and space. The persistence of viral pathogens, and ultimately their e ...

2020

Unveiling Viruses Associated with Gastroenteritis Using a Metagenomics Approach

Xavier Fernandez Cassi

Acute infectious gastroenteritis is an important illness worldwide, especially on children, with viruses accounting for approximately 70% of the acute cases. A high number of these cases have an unknown etiological agent and the rise of next generation seq ...

MDPI2020

Susceptibility of Enterovirus B strains to disinfectants and heat

Simon Meister

The susceptibility of waterborne viruses to different inactivating treatments is acknowledged to vary between viruses and even between closely related strains, yet the extent of this variation, or the underlying mechanisms, are not known. Here, different e ...

EPFL2019

Relationship Between Inactivation and Genome Damage of Human Enteroviruses Upon Treatment by UV254, Free Chlorine, and Ozone

Tamar Kohn, Virginie Bachmann, Suzanne Marie Young, Jason Robert Torrey

Quantitative PCR (qPCR) is a convenient tool for monitoring virus concentrations in water and wastewater treatment trains, though it only informs about virus presence, but not infectivity. This limitation can be overcome if the relationship between infecti ...

2019

Inactivation of waterborne viruses by ozone: Kinetics and mechanisms

Camille Wolf

The growing world population, in conjunction with climate change, cases the global water de-mand to increase. It is, therefore, crucial to protect existing water resources from chemical pollution and contamination by pathogens. An increasingly popular stra ...

EPFL2019

Variability in Disinfection Resistance between Currently Circulating Enterovirus B Serotypes and Strains

Tamar Kohn, Simon Meister, Marius Klinger, Matthew Eric Verbyla

The susceptibility of waterborne viruses to disinfection is known to vary between viruses and even between closely related strains, yet the extent of this variation is not known. Here, different enteroviruses (six strains of coxsackievirus B5, two strains ...

2018

Kinetics of inactivation of waterborne enteric viruses by ozone

Urs von Gunten, Tamar Kohn, Camille Wolf

Ozone is an effective disinfectant against all types of waterborne pathogens. However, accurate and quantitative kinetic data regarding virus inactivation by ozone is scarce, due to the experimental challenges associated with the high reactivity of ozone t ...

2018

Experimental adaptation of human echovirus 11 to ultraviolet radiation leads to tolerance to disinfection and resistance to ribavirin

Tamar Kohn, Anna Carratala Ripolles, Virginie Bachmann, Jeffrey David Jensen, Qingxia Zhong, Hyunjin Shim

Ultraviolet light in the UVC range is a commonly used disinfectant to control viruses in clinical settings and water treatment. Here, we employed an experimental evolution approach to investigate the adaptation of human echovirus 11 to disinfection by UVC, ...

2017

Focal expression of adeno-associated viral-mutant tau induces widespread impairment in an APP mouse model

Patrick Aebischer, Jean-Charles Bensadoun, Bernard Schneider

Adeno-associated virus serotype 6 (AAV6) viral vectors encoding mutant and normal tau were used to produce focal tau pathology. Two mutant forms of tau were used; the P301S tau mutation is associated with neurofibrillary tangle formation in humans, and the ...

Elsevier Science Inc2013

Direct and Retrograde Transduction of Nigral Neurons with AAV6, 8, and 9 and Intraneuronal Persistence of Viral Particles

Patrick Aebischer, Bernard Schneider

Recombinant adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors of serotypes 6, 8, and 9 were characterized as tools for gene delivery to dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra for future gene therapeutic applications in Parkinson's disease. While vectors of all th ...

Mary Ann Liebert2013

Virus disinfection mechanisms: the role of virus composition, structure, and function

Tamar Kohn, Krista Rule Wigginton

Drinking waters are treated for enteric virus via a number of disinfection techniques including chemical oxidants, irradiation, and heat, however the inactivation mechanisms during disinfection remain elusive. Due to the fact that a number of significant w ...

Elsevier Sci Ltd2012