Concept
An enacting clause is a short phrase that introduces the main provisions of a law enacted by a legislature. It is also called enacting formula or enacting words. It usually declares the source from which the law claims to derive its authority. In many countries, an enacting formula is not considered necessary and is simply omitted. The simplest enacting clauses merely cite the legislature by which the law has been adopted; for example the enacting clause used in Australia since 1990 is "The Parliament of Australia enacts". Alternatively an enacting clause may invoke the ultimate sovereign. For example, California, based on the principle of popular sovereignty, has the following enacting clause: "The People of the State of California do enact as follows." Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda: "ENACTED by the Parliament of Antigua and Barbuda as follows:" Congress of Argentina: "The Senate and House of Deputies of the Argentine Nation, in Congress assembled, ... enact or approve with the force of law:" "El Senado y Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina, reunidos en Congreso,... decretan o sancionan con fuerza de ley." Parliament of Australia: "The Parliament of Australia enacts:" For constitutional amendments passed at a referendum: "The Parliament of Australia, with the approval of the electors, as required by the Constitution, enacts:" 1973 - October 1990: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen [King], and the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:" "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen [King], and the Senate and House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, with the approval of the electors, as required by the Constitution, as follows:" 1901–1972: "BE IT ENACTED by the King's [Queen's] Most Excellent Majesty, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:" "BE IT ENACTED by the King's [Queen's] Most Excellent Majesty, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, with the approval of the electors, as required by the Constitution, as follows:" National Council: "The National Council has enacted:" "Der Nationalrat hat beschlossen:" Jatiya Sangsad: "WHEREAS it is expedient and necessary to make provisions for the [purpose of the enactment] THEREFORE, it is hereby enacted as follows :" Parliament of Barbados: 1969: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Assembly of Barbados and by the authority of the same as follows:-" 2020: "ENACTED by the Parliament of Barbados as follows:" For bills amending the constitution: "ENACTED by the Parliament of Barbados in accordance with section 49 of the Constitution as follows:" Parliament of the Bahamas: "Enacted by the Parliament of The Bahamas.