Publications related to Thermal runaway

Direct observations of X-rays produced by upward positive lightning

Marcos Rubinstein, Antonio Sunjerga, Farhad Rachidi-Haeri, Thomas Chaumont

X-rays have been observed in natural downward cloud-to-ground lightning for over 20 years and in rocket-triggered lightning for slightly less. In both cases, this energetic radiation has been detected during the stepped and dart leader phases of downward n ...

Nature Publishing Group2024

Experimental study of stability, quench propagation and detection methods on 15 kA sub-scale HTS fusion conductors in SULTAN

Pierluigi Bruzzone, Kamil Sedlák, Nikolay Bykovskiy, Ortensia Dicuonzo

High-temperature superconductors (HTSs) enable exclusive operating conditions for fusion magnets, boosting their performance up to 20 T generated magnetic fields in the temperature range from 4 K to 20 K. One of the main technological issues of HTS conduct ...

2023

Physics of runaway electrons with shattered pellet injection at JET

Cristian Sommariva, Javier García Hernández, Gergely Papp

Runaway electrons (REs) created during tokamak disruptions pose a threat to the reliable operation of future larger machines. Experiments using shattered pellet injection (SPI) have been carried out at the JET tokamak to investigate ways to prevent their g ...

2022

Runaway dynamics in reactor-scale spherical tokamak disruptions

Understanding generation and mitigation of runaway electrons in disruptions is important for the safe operation of future tokamaks. In this paper we investigate the runaway dynamics in reactor-scale spherical tokamaks, focusing on a compact nominal design ...

Cambridge University Press2022

Runaway dynamics in tokamak disruptions with current relaxation

The safe operation of tokamak reactors requires a reliable modelling capability of disruptions, and in particular the spatio-temporal dynamics of associated runaway electron currents. In a disruption, instabilities can break up magnetic surfaces into chaot ...

Cambridge University Press2022

Runaway electron modelling in the self-consistent core European Transport Simulator

Joan Decker, Gergely Papp

Relativistic runaway electrons are a major concern in tokamaks. Although significant theoretical development had been undertaken in recent decades, we still lack a self-consistent simulator that could simultaneously capture all aspects of this phenomenon. ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2019

Overview of the FTU results

Cristian Galperti, Gabriele Grosso, Filippo Bagnato

Since the 2016 IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, FTU operations have been mainly devoted to experiments on runaway electrons and investigations into a tin liquid limiter; other experiments have involved studies of elongated plasmas and dust. The tearing mode ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2019

Measurement of Large-Signal Coss and Coss Losses of Transistors Based on Nonlinear Resonance

Elison de Nazareth Matioli, Armin Jafari, Palliyage Srilak Nirmana Perera

In this letter, we present a new measurement technique to evaluate the large-signal output capacitance ( COSS ) of transistors as well as the COSS energy dissipation ( EDISS ), based on the nonlinear resonance between a known inductor and the output capaci ...

2019

Parameters affecting thermal risk through a kinetic model under adiabatic condition: Application to liquid-liquid reaction system

Thierry Meyer

Risk of thermal runaway for epoxidation is not negligible and should be analyzed and assessed. In industry, epoxidation of vegetable oils is carried out by the oxidation of Prileschajew, involving the in situ production of percarboxylic acid from hydrogen ...

2018

Contribution to the Ultra-Fast Charging of Electric Vehicles : The Configurable Modular Multilevel Converter (CMMC)

Rosa Martel Danoary Tsirinomeny

It is generally agreed that one of the drawbacks of a conventional vehicle is the inability to always reach the best operating point of the engine and the inability to regenerate the kinetic energy. Meaning, even with the help of the gearbox or automatic t ...

EPFL2016

An advection-diffusion model for cross-field runaway electron transport in perturbed magnetic fields

Joan Decker

Disruption-generated runaway electrons (RE) present an outstanding issue for ITER. The predictive computational studies of RE generation rely on orbit-averaged computations and, as such, they lack the effects from the magnetic field stochasticity. Since st ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2016

Impact of the Normal Zone Propagations Velocity of High Temperature Superconducting Coated Conductors on Resistive Fault Current Limiters

Daniele Colangelo, Bertrand Dutoit, Bertrand Dutoit

The engineering critical current (Ic) of the high temperature superconducting coated conductors (HTS-CCs), today available on the market, is not a uniform parameter and varies significantly along the length of the conductors. Moreover, commercial HTS-CCs h ...

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2015

Kinetic modelling of runaway electron avalanches in tokamak plasmas

Joan Decker

Runaway electrons can be generated in tokamak plasmas if the accelerating force from the toroidal electric field exceeds the collisional drag force owing to Coulomb collisions with the background plasma. In ITER, disruptions are expected to generate runawa ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2015

Overview of the FTU results

Olivier Sauter, Basil Duval, Duccio Testa, Holger Reimerdes, Alexander Karpushov, Cristian Galperti, Gabriele Grosso, Doohyun Kim, Dávid Wágner, Lucia Isabel Federspiel, Jonathan Rossel, Donghyun Kim

Since the 2012 IAEA-FEC Conference, FTU operations have been largely devoted to runaway electrons generation and control, to the exploitation of the 140 GHz electron cyclotron (EC) system and to liquid metal limiter elements. Experiments on runaway electro ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2015

Near-optimal thermal monitoring framework for many-core systems on chip

Martin Vetterli, David Atienza Alonso, Juri Ranieri, Amina Chebira, Alessandro Vincenzi

Chip designers place on-chip thermal sensors to measure local temperatures, thus preventing thermal runaway situations in many-core processing architectures. However, the quality of the thermal reconstruction is directly dependent on the number of placed s ...

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers2015

Analysis of the influence of the normal zone propagation velocity on the design of resistive fault current limiters

Daniele Colangelo, Bertrand Dutoit, Bertrand Dutoit

Commercial high-temperature superconducting coated conductors (HTS-CCs) have low thermal diffusivity and nonuniform critical current density. These two factors lead commercial HTS-CCs to a partial quench when they are subjected to a transport current aroun ...

Iop Publishing Ltd2014

Advanced Automotive System based on Modular Multilevel Converter

Rosa Martel Danoary Tsirinomeny

Battery packs in recent electric vehicles (EVs) have high energy and high power densities which exerts a strong thermal stress upon them. This means that the individual battery cells are more prone to decline away and eventually fail early because of an ex ...

2014

Science and technology research and development in support to ITER and the Broader Approach at CEA

Yiming Li, Alexis Berne, Antoine Pierre Emmanuel Alexis Merle, Joan Decker, Yi Zhang, Jonathan Bryan Lister, Javier García Hernández, Daniel Keller, Fang Liu, Vincent Martin, Nicolas Mellet, Jonathan Bastien Cottet, Louis Nicolas, Hui Wang, Xiaoxia Bai

In parallel to the direct contribution to the procurement phase of ITER and Broader Approach, CEA has initiated research & development programmes, accompanied by experiments together with a significant modelling effort, aimed at ensuring robust operation, ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2013

In situ copper–alumina composites

Andreas Mortensen, Carmen Krüger

We present a process for the production of Cu-Al matrix composites containing between 25 and 30 vol.% in situ Al2O3. The composites are prepared by pressing, heat-treating and hot working blended powders of Cu, Al and CuO packed into copper alloy cans. The ...

Elsevier2013

Ultra Low Temperature Susceptometer and Magnetometer : Study of the Spin Glass Series LiHox Er1-x F4

Julian Piatek

The first part of this thesis discusses technical details relating to measurements of magnetic properties at ultra low temperatures. The implementation of AC susceptibility at temperatures down to 30 mK is introduced and used as a platform to showcase sele ...

EPFL2012