Explores the historical perspective, properties, and applications of X-rays, including diffraction, atomic resolution, and spectral colors of elements.
Explores the principles of cavities and lasers, including Fabry-Perot resonators, Gaussian beams, cavity configurations, and absorption-emission-stimulated emission processes.
Explores radiative heat transfer equilibrium between walls and isotropic scattering medium, optical thickness, Monte Carlo method, and analytical solutions.
