Aspirin/paracetamol/caffeine

Aspirin/paracetamol/caffeine is a combination drug for the treatment of pain, especially tension headache and migraine. It contains aspirin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; paracetamol (acetaminophen), an analgesic; and caffeine, a stimulant. Aspirin#Adverse effectsParacetamol#Adverse effects and Caffeine#Adverse effects The recommended dosing has a low risk profile when taken occasionally in a well hydrated state. As with all medications containing paracetamol (acetaminophen), concomitant use with alcohol carries a significant risk of hepatotoxicity. The combination of paracetamol with aspirin also creates the risk of renal papillary necrosis if large doses are taken chronically. This is because paracetamol yields a toxic metabolite that can accumulate in the kidney while aspirin works to deplete the glutathione stores necessary to oxidize it. Additionally, chronic aspirin usage is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. The combination of these three compounds can be detected in pharmaceutical formulations, urine and blood serum in trace quantities using electrochemical methods. The combination was first introduced as the name Triagesic in 1950 by Bristol-Myers, which is now Bristol Myers Squibb. The right to use the name Triagesic belongs to the Argentine company Roemmers, though it is not produced anymore. In 1964 it was marketed under the trade name Vanquish by Sterling Drug, which after a series of mergers and acquisitions became a unit of Bayer AG. In Germany, it is sold as dolomo, Dolopyrin AL, HA-Tabletten, Melabon K, Neuralgin, ratiopyrin, Thomapyrin Classic, Thomapyrin Intensiv, in Austria as Thomapyrin, and InfluASS, in Israel as Acamol Focus, Paramol Target and Exidol, in Romania as Antinevralgic P and Antinevralgic Forte, and in Russia, Belarus and Eastern Europe as Citramon.