Publications related to Carnot cycle

Coordination of protein synthesis and degradation in mammalian cells

The cellular protein levels are determined by protein synthesis and turnover rates. Two processes are involved in the proteome's turnover in proliferating cells: protein degradation and dilution. In theory, maintaining the cellular proteome concentration, ...

EPFL2023

Study on the internal crack network of the ASR-affected concrete by the tomography-based numerical model

Jean-François Molinari, Emil Gallyamov, Mahdieh Shakoorioskooie

In this paper, we present a novel finite element model to simulate alkali-silica reaction in a realistic concrete meso-structure. Application of the internal ASR loading leads to the evolution of multiple deviated cracks and corresponding macroscopic expan ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2022

Flow Boiling of Carbon Dioxide at Different Channel Orientations for the Thermal Management of Future Detector Technologies at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider at CERN

David Schmid

The global warming potential (GWP) of working fluids in thermodynamic cycles and their environmental impact have been gaining considerable attention within the recent years. The global objectives on climate protection are becoming increasingly ambitious, w ...

EPFL2022

Mechanics of alkali-silica reaction in concrete across scales

Emil Gallyamov

Alkali-silica reaction occurs in concrete between the alkalis contained in the pore solution and silica in the aggregates. Generation of ASR products gives rise to the internal pressures that cause expansion and cracking. Due to its deleterious effect on c ...

EPFL2022

Meso-scale finite element modeling of Alkali-Silica-Reaction

Jean-François Molinari, Emil Gallyamov, Roozbeh Rezakhani

The Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) in concrete is a chemical reaction, which produces an expansive product, generally called “ASR gel”, and causes cracking and damage in concrete over time. Affecting numerous infrastructures all around the world, ASR has bee ...

2021

Experimental investigation and analysis of sequential jet impingement concepts for enhanced turbine cooling

Michele Gaffuri

With the future decarbonization of the electricity production, gas turbines will be an important tool for the stabilization of the electricity grid by meeting the peak of energy demand using zero-carbon fuels like synthetic gas and hydrogen. The combustion ...

EPFL2021

Autonomous oil flow generated by self-oscillating polymer gels

Vito Cacucciolo

The previously reported gel and polymer actuators require external inputs, such as batteries, circuits, electronic circuits, etc., compared with autonomous motions produced by the living organisms. To realize the spontaneous motions, here, we propose to in ...

Nature Research2020

Numerical and experimental investigations on non-contacting seals for small-scale applications

Suresh Katuwal Chhetri

Dynamic non-contacting seals have been identified as the most appropriate sealing technology for reduced-scale and high-speed turbomachinery applications since they provide a clearance gap preventing rotor-to-seal contact during operation. Yet, any clearan ...

EPFL2020

Copper battery for heat to power conversion and energy storage

Sunny Isaïe Maye

An important part of the electricity production relies on heat conversion. Indeed power plants burn fuels like natural gas, coal or use nuclear fission to produce heat that can be transformed into electricity through a thermodynamic cycle and the mechanica ...

EPFL2020

Meso-scale modelling of ASR in concrete: effect of viscoelasticity

Jean-François Molinari, Emil Gallyamov, Mauro Corrado, Roozbeh Rezakhani

A meso-scale numerical model for simulating damage in concrete due to ASR is presented. It accounts for the internal structure of concrete including aggregates and mortar. ASR sites are explicitly represented. This model is extended to account for viscoela ...

2020

Two-phase and oil-free co-rotating scroll compressor/expander

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann

This paper discusses experimental and theoretical investigations about a re-designed co-rotation scroll machine, operating in compressor and expander mode. The machine has been tested under various operational conditions, with the aim to determine the infl ...

2019

Thermo-refractive noise in silicon nitride microresonators

Tobias Kippenberg, Junqiu Liu, Erwan Guillaume Albert Lucas, Arslan Sajid Raja, Guanhao Huang, Nils Johan Engelsen

Thermodynamic noises limit the frequency stability of resonators. Here, we present the first complete characterization of thermo-refractive noise in Si3N4 microresonators. The measurements are in good agreement with theoretical analysis and FEM simulation ...

IEEE2019

Thermorefractive noise in silicon-nitride microresonators

Tobias Kippenberg, Junqiu Liu, Erwan Guillaume Albert Lucas, Arslan Sajid Raja, Nils Johan Engelsen, Guanhao Huang

Thermodynamic noise places a fundamental limit on the frequency stability of dielectric optical resonators. Here, we present the characterization of thermorefractive noise in photonic-chip-based silicon-nitride (Si3N4) microresonators and show that thermor ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2019

Integrated Design, Optimization, and Experimental Realization of a Steam-Driven Micro Recirculation Fan for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

Patrick Hubert Wagner

This thesis presents the results of the design and experimental investigation of a patented 10 kWel solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system with a thermally-driven anode off-gas recirculation (AOR) fan, the so-called fan-turbine unit (FTU). The system has the ...

EPFL2019

Investigation of the heterogeneously catalysed gas phase CO2 hydrogenation reaction: Development of analysis methods and reaction analysis on pristine metal catalysts

Robin Tobias Andreas Mutschler

The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the development of analysis methods that enable an improved investigation of the CO2 hydrogenation reaction such as quantitative mass spectrometry and infrared thermography. Furthermore, the contribution is in the ...

EPFL2019

Parametric sensitivity in the Sabatier reaction over Ru/Al2O3 - theoretical determination of the minimal requirements for reactor activation

Andreas Züttel, Noris André Gallandat, Emanuele Moioli

The methanation of carbon dioxide is an option for chemical storage of renewable energy together with greenhouse gas reutilization because it offers a product with a high energy density. The reaction CO2 + 4H(2) CH4 + 2H(2)O is performed on a Ru/Al2O3 cata ...

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2019

Effect of Chaotropes on the Transfer of Ions and Dyes across the Liquid–Liquid Interface

Hubert Girault, Pekka Eero Peljo, Evgeny Smirnov, Grégoire Clément Gschwend, Lucie Josette Renée Rivier, Elena Vladimirova

Chaotropes such as urea can break the structure of water, weakening the hydrophobic effect and reducing aggregation. Here, we investigated how the addition of urea affects the transfer of ions and cationic dyes across the interface between immiscible elect ...

2018

Testing and modelling of a novel oil-free co-rotating scroll machine with water injection

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann, Luis Carlos Mendoza Toledo

Efficient compressed air energy storage requires reversible isothermal compression and expansion devices. The isothermal compression and expansion processes can either be approached by several stages with intercooling or by the more convenient injection of ...

Elsevier2017

A systematic methodology for the techno-economic optimization of Organic Rankine Cycles

Alberto Mian, Emanuele Martelli

This work presents a general and systematic methodology for the techno-economic optimization of Rankine cycles. The proposed superstructure for Rankine cycles allows to reproduce a wide range of cycle configurations, such as cycles with/without regenerator ...

Elsevier Science Bv2017

Heat Pump driven by a Small-Scale Oil-Free Turbocompressor – System Design and Simulation

Jürg Alexander Schiffmann, Adeel Javed

Small-scale oil-free turbocompressors driven by high-speed electric motors and supported on refrigerant vapor bearings represent a promising technology to increase the performance of domestic heat pumps. Gas bearings enable high rotational speeds with low ...

2017