Explores Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) principles, contrast mechanisms, dislocation identification, and sample cleaning methods for accurate imaging.
Introduces the fundamental concepts of optics, covering quantum optics, wavy optics, and electromagnetic optics, as well as the principles of reflection, refraction, and image formation.
Explores the electromagnetic spectrum, optical sensors, human retina, color synthesis, light polarization, photon-material interaction, and X-ray interactions.
