Publications related to Epidemic

Back-to-Africa introductions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the main cause of tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

In settings with high tuberculosis (TB) endemicity, distinct genotypes of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) often differ in prevalence. However, the factors leading to these differences remain poorly understood. Here we studied the MTBC populat ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2023

Optimizing the mitigation of epidemic spreading through targeted adoption of contact tracing apps

Andrea Santoro

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is the first epidemic in human history in which digital contact tracing has been deployed at a global scale. Tracking and quarantining all the contacts of individuals who test positive for a virus can help slow down an epidemi ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2022

Epidemic mitigation by statistical inference from contact tracing data

Florent Gérard Krzakala, Lenka Zdeborová, Maria Refinetti, Indaco Biazzo, Giovanni Catania

Contact tracing is an essential tool to mitigate the impact of a pandemic, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to achieve efficient and scalable contact tracing in real time, digital devices can play an important role. While a lot of attention has been ...

National Academy of Sciences2021

Identifying and Characterizing Trans Women in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study as an Epidemiologically Distinct Risk Group

Jacques Fellay

Background As trans women are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic, and are still understudied, we aimed to identify and characterize the trans women in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). Methods A combination of criteria from pre-existing cohor ...

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC2022

Safeguarding the IoT From Malware Epidemics: A Percolation Theory Approach

Ainur Zhaikhan

The upcoming Internet of Things (IoT) is foreseen to encompass massive numbers of connected devices, smart objects, and cyber-physical systems. Due to the large scale and massive deployment of devices, it is deemed infeasible to safeguard 100% of the devic ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2021

Flocking-enhanced social contagion

Ignacio Pagonabarraga Mora

Populations of mobile agents-animal groups, robot swarms, or crowds of people-self-organize into a large diversity of states as a result of information exchanges with their surroundings. While in many situations of interest the motion of the agents is driv ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2020

The geography of COVID-19 spread in Italy and implications for the relaxation of confinement measures

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lorenzo Mari, Damiano Pasetto, Marino Gatto

The pressing need to restart socioeconomic activities locked-down to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Italy must be coupled with effective methodologies to selectively relax containment measures. Here we employ a spatially explicit model, properly atten ...

Nature Research2020

Half a century of amyloids: past, present and future

Hilal Lashuel, Raffaele Mezzenga

Amyloid diseases are global epidemics with profound health, social and economic implications and yet remain without a cure. This dire situation calls for research into the origin and pathological manifestations of amyloidosis to stimulate continued develop ...

Royal Society of Chemistry2020

Assessing the interplay between human mobility and mosquito borne diseases in urban environments

Emanuele Massaro

Urbanization drives the epidemiology of infectious diseases to many threats and new challenges. In this research, we study the interplay between human mobility and dengue outbreaks in the complex urban environment of the city-state of Singapore. We integra ...

Springer Nature2019

Rainfall as a driver of epidemic cholera: Comparative model assessments of the effect of intra-seasonal precipitation events

Andrea Rinaldo, Damiano Pasetto, Francisco Javier Perez Saez, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre, Carla Sciarra

The correlation between cholera epidemics and climatic drivers, in particular seasonal tropical rainfall, has been studied in a variety of contexts owing to its documented relevance. Several mechanistic models of cholera transmission have included rainfall ...

2019

Interplay between cost and benefits triggers nontrivial vaccination uptake

Paolo De Los Rios, Alessio Vincenzo Cardillo

The containment of epidemic spreading is a major challenge in science. Vaccination, whenever available, is the best way to prevent the spreading, because it eventually immunizes individuals. However, vaccines are not perfect, and total immunization is not ...

2018

Risk Perception and Epidemics in Complex Computer Networks

Emanuele Massaro

We present a self-organised method for quickly obtaining the epidemic threshold of infective processes on networks. Starting from simple percolation models, we introduce the possibility that the effective infection probability is affected by the perception ...

IEEE2018

Localizing the Source of an Epidemic Using Few Observations

Brunella Marta Spinelli

Localizing the source of an epidemic is a crucial task in many contexts, including the detection of malicious users in social networks and the identification of patient zeros of disease outbreaks. The difficulty of this task lies in the strict limitation ...

EPFL2018

Resilience management during large-scale epidemic outbreaks

Emanuele Massaro

Assessing and managing the impact of large-scale epidemics considering only the individual risk and severity of the disease is exceedingly difficult and could be extremely expensive. Economic consequences, infrastructure and service disruption, as well as ...

Nature Research2018

The potential impact of case-area targeted interventions in response to cholera outbreaks: A modeling study

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Flavio Finger

Background Cholera prevention and control interventions targeted to neighbors of cholera cases (case-area targeted interventions [CATIs]), including improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, oral cholera vaccine (OCV), and prophylactic antibiotics, may be a ...

2018

An ecological and digital epidemiology analysis on the role of human behavior on the 2014 Chikungunya outbreak in Martinique

Marcel Salathé

Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of endemic infections is of critical importance for a deeper understanding of pathogen transmission, and for the design of more efficient public health strategies. However, very few studies in this domain have foc ...

Nature Research2017

Back to the Source: an Online Approach for Sensor Placement and Source Localization

Patrick Thiran, Laura Elisa Celis, Brunella Marta Spinelli

Source localization, the act of finding the originator of a disease or rumor in a network, has become an important problem in sociology and epidemiology. The localization is done using the infection state and time of infection of a few designated sensor no ...

2017

Modeling Key Drivers of Cholera Transmission Dynamics Provides New Perspectives for Parasitology

Andrea Rinaldo, Melanie Blokesch, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lorenzo Mari, Marino Gatto

Hydroclimatological and anthropogenic factors are key drivers of waterborne disease transmission. Information on human settlements and host mobility on waterways along which pathogens and hosts disperse, and relevant hydroclimatological processes, can be a ...

2017

Critical dynamics in population vaccinating behavior

Marcel Salathé, Sharada Prasanna Mohanty

Vaccine refusal can lead to renewed outbreaks of previously eliminated diseases and even delay global eradication. Vaccinating decisions exemplify a complex, coupled system where vaccinating behavior and disease dynamics influence one another. Such systems ...

National Academy of Sciences2017

On the probability of extinction of the Haiti cholera epidemic

Andrea Rinaldo, Enrico Bertuzzo, Lorenzo Mari, Flavio Finger, Marino Gatto

More than three years after its appearance in Haiti, cholera has already caused more than 8,500 deaths and 695,000 infections and it is feared to become endemic. However, no clear evidence of a stable environmental reservoir of pathogenic Vibrio cholerae, ...

Springer Verlag2016