Doob's MartingaleCovers the concept of Doob's martingale and its properties, including integrability and convergence theorem.
Optional Stopping TheoremExplores stopping times, the optional stopping theorem, F-measurable random variables, and martingales.
Arbitrage in Multiperiod ModelsExplores arbitrage in multiperiod models, covering dynamic trading, absence of arbitrage, trading strategies, discounted prices, and martingales.
Structure of AlgebrasCovers the structure of finite dimensional algebras and the characterization of semisimple algebras.