Publications related to Active fault

Determination of Parameters Characteristic of Dynamic Weakening Mechanisms During Seismic Faulting in Cohesive Rocks

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, François Xavier Thibault Passelègue, Chiara Cornelio

While sliding at seismic slip-rates of ∼1 m/s, natural faults undergo an abrupt decrease of shear stress called dynamic weakening. Asperity-scale processes related to flash heating and weakening and, meso-scale (mm-cm) processes involving shear across the ...

AGU2022

A Probabilistic Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Model for the Alborz Region, Iran

Alireza Khodaverdian

The seismic activity rate is one of the most significant factors in seismic hazard modeling. Although it is usually estimated from observed seismicity, a complete picture of the possible earthquakes is not always available since catalogs of the observed ea ...

SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER2022

Long-term triggered seismicity on the Mosha fault by Damavand volcano, Iran: Implications on the seismic hazard of Tehran metropolis

Seyyedmaalek Momeni

The seismic history of the Mosha fault, the largest and most active fault of Eastern Tehran metropolis, and its relation to the Damavand active volcano, the highest mountain in the Middle East, is investigated. We deduce that the central Mosha, near the Da ...

2022

Experimental plastic reactivation of pseudotachylyte‐filled shear zones

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, François Xavier Thibault Passelègue

Pseudotachylytes are fine‐grained fault rocks that solidify from melt that is produced in fault zones during earthquakes. Exposed sections of natural fault zones reveal evidence of post‐seismic plastic deformation (i.e. reactivation) of pseudotachylyte, wh ...

2021

Earthquake Nucleation along Faults with Heterogeneous Weakening Rate

Jean-François Molinari, Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Thibault Didier Roch, Mathias Alexandre David Lebihain

The transition from quasi-static slip growth to dynamic rupture propagation constitutes one possible scenario to describe earthquake nucleation. If this transition is rather well understood for homogeneous faults, how the friction properties of multiscale ...

2021

On the effects of fluid pressure variations on rock-mass and fault mechanical behaviour

Corentin Jean-Marie Rémi Noël

In the past 20 years, the growing interest in deep geo-reservoirs for purposes such as carbon storage, waste water disposal, or geothermal energy exploitation have led to large-volume fluid injections into the upper continental crust. These fluid injection ...

EPFL2021

Emergence of self-affine surfaces during adhesive wear

Jean-François Molinari, Enrico Milanese, Ramin Aghababaei, Tobias Brink

Friction and wear depend critically on surface roughness and its evolution with time. An accurate control of roughness is essential to the performance and durability of virtually all engineering applications. At geological scales, roughness along tectonic ...

Nature Research2019

Emergence of Cracklike Behavior of Frictional Rupture: The Origin of Stress Drops

Jean-François Molinari, Thibault Didier Roch, Fabian Barras

The process of frictional rupture, i.e., the failure of frictional systems, abounds in the technological and natural world around us, ranging from squealing car brake pads to earthquakes along geological faults. A general framework for understanding and in ...

American Physical Society2019

Modes and Existences in Citizen Science: Thoughts from Earthquake Country

In the Bay Area of San Francisco, the earthquake contours are not easy to define: seismology is still a relatively recent science, and controversies around methods to evaluate the earthquake risk are constant. In this context, the invitation to think about ...

2019

When dynamic cracks meet disorder: A journey along the fracture process zone

Fabian Barras

The onset of earthquakes along crustal faults, the triggering of slab avalanches or the break of a wine glass are all serious problems driven by the propagation of a dynamic rupture front. Our physical understanding of this ubiquitous phenomenon is however ...

EPFL2018

Earthquake protection for high-speed rail traffic: risky business?

Willem-Jan Zwanenburg, Emilie Rascol, Sébastien Vecchiato

For earthquake protection of structures such as bridges, viaducts and embankments, a precise and safe dimensioning has to be calculated according to the soil profile, the location of potentially active faults and the local liquefaction risk, as they all in ...

WIT Press2009