Publications related to Fire safety

Enabling simultaneous reprocessability and fire protection via incorporation of phosphine oxide monomer in epoxy vitrimer

The conception of epoxy thermosets with both reprocessability and flame retardancy delineates a new horizon in polymer science, offering a material solution that is not only superior in fire safety but is also environment friendly. Herein, a flame-retardan ...

Journal Mater Sci Technol2024

Brown carbon absorption in the Mediterranean basin from local and long-range transported biomass burning air masses

Athanasios Nenes

This study examines the impact of light absorption from biomass burning (BB) brown carbon (BrC) in the Mediterranean basin from local and distant fire incidents during a typical fire season in August 2019 and under severe fire activity in August 2021. The ...

Elsevier2023

Fire performance evaluation of GFRP-balsa sandwich bridge decks

Niloufar Vahedi

Bridges are a critical component of national infrastructures and economies. A significant percentage of bridges built all around the world are made of reinforced concrete which according to building codes have a life span between 80-100 years. However, str ...

EPFL2022

Seismic collapse performance of Los Angeles soft, weak, and open-front wall line woodframe structures retrofitted using different procedures

Aryan Rezaei Rad, Henry V. Burton

The Los Angeles Soft-Story Ordinance was enacted with the goal of reducing the collapse risk of woodframe buildings with soft, weak and open-front (SWOF) wall lines. Four alternative retrofit methods are permitted under the Ordinance including a SWOF-wall- ...

2019

Use of IoT sensing and occupant surveys for determining the resilience of buildings to forest fire generated PM2.5

Dusan Licina

Wildfires and associated emissions of particulate matter pose significant environmental and health concerns. In this study we propose tools to evaluate building resilience to extreme episodes of outdoor particulate matter using a combination of indoor and ...

2019

Remote Sensing meets Deep Learning: Exploiting Spatio-Temporal-Spectral Satellite Images for Early Wildfire Detection

Thành Tâm Nguyên

Wildfires are getting more severe and destructive. Due to their fast-spreading nature, wildfires are often detected when already beyond control and consequently cause billion-scale effects in a very short time. Governments are looking for remote sensing me ...

2019

Safety issues of a CO2-based System in NEST

Luc Girardin, François Maréchal, Samuel Henchoz

This study addresses the safety issue for the realization of a CO2 heat distribution system in the NEST research and innovation building. It is based on consideration around the concept of CO2 network developed at LENI/IPESE-EPFL and takes advantage from t ...

IPSE-EPFL Valais-Wallis2016

Deriving a load model for the braking force on road bridges: Comparison between a deterministic and a probabilistic approach

Katrin Beyer, André-Gilles Dumont, Marc-Antoine Fénart, Glauco Feltrin

The current provisions for the braking force in the Eurocodes are much more demanding than previously enforced national codes from most European countries. Hence, safety assessments of existing bridges may show a lack of compliance with the new safety requ ...

Springer International Publishing2016

Fire Design of Concrete Structures based on a Levels-of-Approximation Approach

Miguel Fernández Ruiz, Miguel Gomez

Concrete structures, contrary to steel or timber structures, have not been traditionally considered as significantly sensitive to fire conditions. As a consequence, their performance in fire conditions has generally been assessed on the basis of quite simp ...

fib Symposium 20152015

A review of the fire behaviour of pultruded GFRP structural profiles for civil engineering applications

Thomas Keller, Yu Bai

Pultruded glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) profiles are finding increasing applications in civil engineering structures, owing to the several advantages they offer over traditional materials. However, due to the combustible nature of their polymer mat ...

Elsevier2015

A model for global biomass burning in preindustrial time: LPJ-LMfire (v1.0)

Jed Oliver Kaplan, Mirjam Pfeiffer

Fire is the primary disturbance factor in many terrestrial ecosystems. Wildfire alters vegetation structure and composition, affects carbon storage and biogeochemical cycling, and results in the release of climatically relevant trace gases including CO2, C ...

Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh2013

Exploring potential drivers of European biomass burning over the Holocene: a data-model analysis

Jed Oliver Kaplan

AimTo reconstruct spatial and temporal patterns of European fire activity during the Holocene and to explore their potential drivers, by relating biomass burning to simulated biotic and abiotic parameters. LocationEurope. MethodsHolocene fire activity was ...

Wiley-Blackwell2013

Punching shear strength of R/C slabs subjected to fire

Aurelio Muttoni, Miguel Fernández Ruiz

This paper illustrates a study on the punching shear strength of reinforced concrete slabs in fire conditions. To this end, a set of experimental data on the punching strength of heated slab specimens was interpreted by adapting the well-known Critical She ...

Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Structures in Fire - SiF2012 (Eds. M. Fontana, A. Frangi, M. Knobloch)2012

Fire protection systems for building floors made of pultruded GFRP profiles. Part 1: Experimental investigations

Thomas Keller, Yu Bai

This paper presents results of experimental investigations on the behaviour of GFRP pultruded profiles exposed to fire, in order to study the viability of their structural use in floors of buildings, taking into account the fulfilment of fire resistance re ...

Elsevier2010

Fire protection systems for building floors made of pultruded GFRP profiles. Part 2: Modeling of thermomechanical responses

Thomas Keller, Yu Bai

A recently developed thermomechanical model to predict the time-dependent thermal and mechanical responses of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) profiles subjected to fire was extended to include the beneficial effects of passive fire protecti ...

Elsevier2010

Design through an incremental approach: the Swiss experience

Aurelio Muttoni, Miguel Fernández Ruiz

In Switzerland, the current code for structural concrete published in 2003 privileged an incremental approach for design of new members or for assessment of existing structures with respect to a number of topics (shear, buckling, reinforcement detailing th ...

Joint IABSE-fib Conference2010

Fire Detection and Localization Using Wireless Sensor Networks

Martin Hasler, Alireza Khadivi

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of usually a large number of small sensor nodes that are wirelessly connected to each other in order to remotely monitor an environment or phenomena. Sensor nodes use the data aggregation method as an effective ...

Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York, Ny 10013, United States2010

Forest fire localization using distributed algorithms in wireless sensor networks

Martin Hasler, Alireza Khadivi, Leonidas Georgopoulos

The fire localization using a distributed consensus finding algorithm in a wireless sensor network is described. The fire is circumscribed by a circle. The information is available at all sensor nodes that are alive, which makes it robust against failures ...

Electromagnetics Acad, 777 Concord Avenue, Ste 207, Cambridge, Ma 02138 Usa2009

Material and structural performance of fiber-reinforced polymer composites at elevated and high temperatures

Yu Bai

As the range of applications for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials in civil engineering constantly increases, there is more and more concern with regard to their performance in critical environments. The fire behavior of composite material ...

EPFL2009

Multifunctional fiber-reinforced polymer sandwich roof structure

Thomas Keller

This paper reports on the design and construction of a lightweight GFRP roof structure in Basel, Switzerland. The sandwich construction allowed for an integration of static, building physical and architectural functions that enabled the prefabrication of t ...

2008