Lectures in course ENV-103: Biology

Introduction to Biology: Fundamentals and Sources

Introduces fundamental aspects of living beings, biochemistry, and cell biology, emphasizing the importance of macromolecules, molecular evolution, and metabolism.

Macromolecules: Structure and Function

Explores the chemical composition and functions of macromolecules in living organisms.

Macromolecules: Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Explores nucleic acids, proteins, and their vital roles in cell functions and evolution.

Cell Surface and Envelope: Microscopy and Cell Wall Structure

Explores microscopy, cell surface structures, and bacterial cell walls.

Cell Membranes: Structure and Functions

Explores cell wall structures, membrane proteins, transport mechanisms, motility, and chemotaxis in prokaryotic cells.

Cell Composition: Metabolites and Macromolecules

Explores cell composition, including macromolecules, metabolites, ribosomes, and ion concentration, in prokaryotic cells like E. coli.

Genetic Material: DNA Structure and Replication

Explores the discovery of DNA as the genetic material, the genetic code, DNA structure, replication process, and key concepts in molecular biology.

Information Processing: Replication, Transcription, Translation

Explores DNA replication, RNA transcription, and protein translation, emphasizing their crucial roles in cellular functions.

Metabolism: Energy and Redox Reactions

Explores metabolism, emphasizing energy production, redox reactions, ATP, and enzyme roles.

Metabolism: Energy and Cellular Compounds

Explores catabolism, anabolism, energy balance, ATP production, and cellular respiration processes.

Metabolism: Catabolism and Regulation

Explores catabolic pathways, energy production, and metabolic regulation in cells.

Regulation of Transcription and Translation

Explores the regulation of transcription and translation processes, focusing on control mechanisms and alternative splicing in eukaryotes.

Regulation of Metabolism: Molecular Mechanisms

Explores the molecular mechanisms regulating enzyme activity and gene expression in metabolism.

Molecular Evolution: Mutations and Genetic Diversity

Explores mutations, genetic diversity, and horizontal gene transfer, emphasizing the impact of errors during replication and exposure to mutagens.

Molecular Evolution: Repair Mechanisms and Genetic Diversity

Explores DNA repair mechanisms, CRISPR/Cas system, evolution experiments, and genetic diversity.