Explores the photon concept in electromagnetic waves, including energy, momentum, emission by charges, coherence length, and the electromagnetic spectrum.
Explores atoms and radiation lineshapes, covering linewidths, lifetime broadening, and broadening mechanisms, including Lorentzian and Doppler effects.
Explores electromagnetic wave propagation, including Poynting vector, irradiance, dipole radiation, dielectric constant, and natural linewidth in atoms and radiation.
Explores radiation sources, including fast electron sources, heavy charged particle sources, and neutron sources, covering processes like beta decay, internal conversion, and Auger electrons.
