Explores luminosity distance, the Einstein field equation, Stephen Hawking's contributions, and the cosmological principle, among other cosmological concepts.
Introduces scalar gravity, covering covariant derivatives, Ricci tensor, Einstein Equivalence Principle, and the generalization of Newtonian gravity equations.
Covers symmetry in modern geometry, reflections, translations, rotations, compositions of isometries, fundamental theorems, configurations of lines and planes, and surface analysis.