Covers operations and equivalence relations in number theory, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and properties of neutral and inverse elements.
Covers binary representation, two's complement, overflow detection, and operations in MIPS for computer arithmetic with integers.
Covers integers, rings, subrings, invertibility, divisors of zero, and equivalence relations in formal fractions.
Covers Shor's factoring algorithm, aiming to find integer factors efficiently using quantum computation.
Covers Barrett reduction, Montgomery form of integers, and efficient Montgomery product computation.
