Explores the instanton pre-factor and its interaction with electromagnetic fields, including the double well potential and nonperturbative energy splitting.
Covers the Gupta-Bleuler quantization method in Quantum Field Theory, focusing on redundancy in the electromagnetic field and the recovery of Maxwell equations.
Explores classical field theory, focusing on Lagrangian formulation and the Euler-Lagrange equations, emphasizing the property of locality in spacetime.