Covers the basic principles of laser operation, types of laser systems, noise characteristics, optical fibers, ultrafast lasers, and modern applications.
Explores the photon concept in electromagnetic waves, including energy, momentum, emission by charges, coherence length, and the electromagnetic spectrum.
Introduces optical methods in chemistry, covering ray optics, lasers, spectroscopy, and X-ray physics, emphasizing light-matter interactions and Nobel Prize-winning advancements.
