Covers the Earth's climate system components, interactions, and energy balance, including the impact of anthropogenic forcings and the role of the biosphere.
Explores radiative forcing, climate sensitivity, and feedback mechanisms in climate change, emphasizing the role of various components like CO2 and methane.
Covers an overview of the climate system, including global issues, mechanisms of climate change, impacts on biodiversity, and the role of greenhouse gases.
Explores predicting climate change through linear response operators, focusing on the nonequilibrium nature of the climate system and the challenges of climate predictability.
Explores the evolution of climate models and the latest IPCC findings on climate sensitivity, including ECS estimation and constraints from observations and paleoclimate records.
Covers the current observations of climate change and future projections, emphasizing the role of human activities in temperature increases and the complexities of measuring climate variables.
Explores polar and alpine climate change, mitigation strategies, and climate engineering, covering topics like greenhouse effect, Paris Agreement, IPCC reports, and extreme events.
