Publications by Chad Higgins | EPFL Graph Search

Attenuation of wind-induced pressure perturbations in alpine snow

Marc Parlange, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins

Windpumping has been identified as a process that could potentially enhance sublimation of surface snow at high forcing frequency and spawn air movement deeper in firn at lower frequencies. We performed an experiment to examine the relationship between hig ...

International Glaciological Society2016

Buoyant Turbulent Kinetic Energy Production in Steep-Slope Katabatic Flow

Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Eric Richard Pardyjak, Holly Jayne Oldroyd

We develop several critical concepts that should be considered when interpreting, modelling and designing future experiments for flows over sloping terrain. Vertical buoyancy fluxes in katabatic flows can be positive and a source of turbulent kinetic energ ...

Springer Verlag2016

Large Wind Farms and the Scalar Flux over an Heterogeneously Rough Land Surface

Marc Parlange, Marc Calaf Bracons, Chad Higgins

The influence of surface heterogeneities extends vertically within the atmospheric surface layer to the so-called blending height, causing changes in the fluxes of momentum and scalars. Inside this region the turbulence structure cannot be treated as horiz ...

Springer Verlag2014

Are atmospheric surface layer f lows ergodic?

Valentin Simeonov, Martin Froidevaux, Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Gabriel George Katul

The transposition of atmospheric turbulence statistics from the time domain, as conventionally sampled in field experiments, is explained by the so-called ergodic hypothesis. In micrometeorology, this hypothesis assumes that the time average of a measured ...

American Geophysical Union2013

Flow during the evening transition over steep Alpine slopes

Marc Parlange, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins, Daniel Nadeau, Eric Richard Pardyjak

A field campaign, the Slope Experiment near La Fouly (SELF-2010), was conducted to monitor the evening transition of slope flows on clear-sky days from July to September 2010 in a narrow valley of the Swiss Alps. A steep west-facing slope with inclinations ...

Wiley-Blackwell2013

Measured and Estimated Water Vapor Advection in the Atmospheric Surface Layer

Valentin Simeonov, Martin Froidevaux, Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Eric Richard Pardyjak

The flux of water vapor due to advection is measured using high-resolution Raman lidar that was orientated horizontally across a land-lake transition. At the same time, a full surface energy balance is performed to assess the impact of scalar advection on ...

American Meteorological Society2013

Evaporation from a shallow water table: Diurnal dynamics of water and heat at the surface of drying sand

Marc Parlange, Scott W. Tyler, Ivan Lunati, Chad Higgins

Accurate estimates of water losses by evaporation from shallow water tables are important for hydrological, agricultural, and climatic purposes. An experiment was conducted in a weighing lysimeter to characterize the diurnal dynamics of evaporation under n ...

Amer Geophysical Union2013

Thermal diffusivity of seasonal snow determined from temperature profiles

Marc Parlange, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins, Holly Jayne Oldroyd

Thermal diffusivity of snow is an important thermodynamic property associated with key hydrological phenomena such as snow melt and heat and water vapor exchange with the atmosphere. Direct determination of snow thermal diffusivity requires coupled point m ...

Elsevier2013

Similarity Scaling Over a Steep Alpine Slope

Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Daniel Nadeau, Eric Richard Pardyjak

In this study,we investigate the validity of similarity scaling over a steep mountain slope (30–41◦). The results are based on eddy-covariance data collected during the Slope Experiment near La Fouly (SELF-2010); a field campaign conducted in a narrow vall ...

Springer2013

A Raman lidar to measure water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer

Hubert van den Bergh, Valentin Simeonov, Martin Froidevaux, Pablo Roberto Ristori, Marc Parlange, Ilya Serikov, Chad Higgins, Eric Richard Pardyjak

A new multi-telescope scanning Raman lidar designed to measure the water vapor mixing ratio in the atmospheric boundary layer for a complete diurnal cycle with high resolution spatial (1.25 m) and temporal (1 s) resolutions is presented. The high resolutio ...

Elsevier2013

Flow over Hills: A Large-Eddy Simulation of the Bolund Case

Jiannong Fang, Marc Diebold, Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins

Simulation of local atmospheric flows around complex topography is important for several applications in wind energy (short-term wind forecasting and turbine siting and control), local weather prediction in mountainous regions and avalanche risk assessment ...

Springer Verlag2013

Measuring Sensible Heat Flux with High Spatial Density

Alcherio Martinoli, Marc Parlange, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins, William Christopher Evans, Alexander Bahr

2012

The Effect of Scale on the Applicability of Taylor’s Frozen Turbulence Hypothesis in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Valentin Simeonov, Martin Froidevaux, Nikki Vercauteren, Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Caitlin Ellen Barry

Taylor’s frozen turbulence hypothesis is the central assumption invoked in most experiments designed to investigate turbulence physics with time resolving sensors. It is also frequently used in theoretical discussions when linking Lagrangian to Eulerian fl ...

2012

Towards oscillation-free implementation of the immersed boundary method with spectral-like methods

Jiannong Fang, Marc Diebold, Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins

It is known that, when the immersed boundary method (IBM) is implemented within spectral-like methods, the Gibbs oscillation seriously deteriorates the calculation of derivatives near the body surface. In this paper, a radial basis function (RBF) based smo ...

Elsevier2011

A Simple Model for the Afternoon and Early Evening Decay of Convective Turbulence Over Different Land Surfaces

Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Daniel Nadeau, Eric Richard Pardyjak

A simple model to study the decay of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in the convective surface layer is presented. In this model, the TKE is dependent upon two terms, the turbulent dissipation rate and the surface buoyancy fluctuations. The time evolution o ...

2011

Field study of the dynamics and modelling of subgrid-scale turbulence in a stable atmospheric surface layer over a glacier

Marc Parlange, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins, Charles Vivant Ignacio Meneveau

A field experiment – the Snow Horizontal Array Turbulence Study (SnoHATS) – has been performed over an extensive glacier in Switzerland in order to study small-scale turbulence in the stable atmospheric surface layer, and to investigate the role, dynamics ...

Cambridge University Press2010

Albedo effect on radiative errors in air temperature measurements

Marc-Olivier Boldi, Marc Parlange, Michael Lehning, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Chad Higgins

Most standard air temperature measurements are subject to significant errors mainly due to sensor heating by solar radiation, even when the measurement principle is accurate and precise. We present various air temperature measurements together with other m ...

American Geophysical Union2009

Geometric Alignments of the Subgrid-Scale Force in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Charles Vivant Ignacio Meneveau

priori tests of subgrid-scale (SGS) models for large-eddy simulations (LES). The experimental arrangements and data collected have facilitated studies of variables such as the filtered strain rate, SGS stress and dissipation, and the eddy viscosity coeffic ...

2009

The Effect of Filter Dimension on the Subgrid-Scale Stress, Heat Flux, and Tensor Alignments in the Atmospheric Surface Layer

Marc Parlange, Chad Higgins, Charles Vivant Ignacio Meneveau

In field experiments designed to study subgrid-scale parameterizations for large eddy simulation, the flow field is often measured and then filtered in two-dimensional planes. This two-dimensional filtering serves as a surrogate for three-dimensional filte ...

2007