Publication

Quasi-elastic neutron scattering in the multi-GPa range and its application to liquid water

Livia Eleonora Bove Kado
2013
Journal Articles

Abstract

We present a method which allows quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) at multi-GPa pressures, i.e., pressure conditions which are an order of magnitude higher than possible with QENS till now. The technique uses an opposed-anvil geometry with a sample chamber in the form of a toroid which minimizes multiple scattering effects. This method has been applied to measurements of the self-diffusion coefficient of water at 400K up to 3 GPa. The results demonstrate the potential of this method for studying diffusion over a large pressure and temperature range. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/13ac3f53-0de3-4a6a-bf59-8520a09d929c

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Livia Eleonora Bove Kado
2013
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/13ac3f53-0de3-4a6a-bf59-8520a09d929c

About this result

Related concepts (22)

Diffusion

Diffusion is the net movement of anything (for example, atoms, ions, molecules, energy) generally from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. Diffusion is driven by a gradient in Gibbs free energy or chemical potential. It is possible to diffuse "uphill" from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, like in spinodal decomposition. Diffusion is a stochastic process due to the inherent randomness of the diffusing entity and can be used to model many real-life stochastic scenarios.

Pressure

Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure. Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems.

Fick's laws of diffusion

Fick's laws of diffusion describe diffusion and were first posited by Adolf Fick in 1855 on the basis of largely experimental results. They can be used to solve for the diffusion coefficient, D. Fick's first law can be used to derive his second law which in turn is identical to the diffusion equation. A diffusion process that obeys Fick's laws is called normal or Fickian diffusion; otherwise, it is called anomalous diffusion or non-Fickian diffusion.

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