Publication

Evaporation of Metals during the Thermal Treatment of Oxide Nanomaterials in Cellulose-Based Matrices

Christian Ludwig, Mohamed Tarik
2020
Journal Articles

Abstract

Like conventional material products, waste is the last stage of the life cycle of engineered nanomaterials, which are then incinerated or stabilized before disposal. However, because of their special physical characteristics, the fate of the thermally treated nanomaterials may differ or not from the conventional ones. In this study the thermal release of metals from three nanomaterials, namely CuO, ZnO, and TiO2, embedded in matrices containing organic and inorganic compounds was investigated by using an in-house developed setup. The latter, which combines a TGA (Thermogravimetric Analyzer) and an ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer), offers the possibility to gain simultaneously thermogravimetric and elemental information. It is shown that the matrix composition, such as chlorine and silicon, plays a key role in the evaporation of Cu and Zn at temperatures above 700 °C, while at relatively low temperatures (250 to 450 °C) the nanomaterials are most probably entrained in the flue gas independently of their chemical properties. Incineration experiments using a tubular furnace and subsequent ICP-MS (ICP Mass Spectrometry) analysis of the obtained residues allowed for quantification of the metal evaporation from the three nanomaterials.

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https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/7191577a-40fb-48c2-9f89-29375d48b0da

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Christian Ludwig, Mohamed Tarik
2020
Journal Articles

Abstract

Official source

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/7191577a-40fb-48c2-9f89-29375d48b0da

About this result

Related concepts (32)

Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale). Nanomaterials research takes a materials science-based approach to nanotechnology, leveraging advances in materials metrology and synthesis which have been developed in support of microfabrication research. Materials with structure at the nanoscale often have unique optical, electronic, thermo-physical or mechanical properties.

Matrix multiplication

In mathematics, particularly in linear algebra, matrix multiplication is a binary operation that produces a matrix from two matrices. For matrix multiplication, the number of columns in the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows in the second matrix. The resulting matrix, known as the matrix product, has the number of rows of the first and the number of columns of the second matrix. The product of matrices A and B is denoted as AB.

Matrix (mathematics)

In mathematics, a matrix (plural matrices) is a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns, which is used to represent a mathematical object or a property of such an object. For example, is a matrix with two rows and three columns. This is often referred to as a "two by three matrix", a " matrix", or a matrix of dimension . Without further specifications, matrices represent linear maps, and allow explicit computations in linear algebra.

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