The clustering of the SDSS-IV extended baryon oscillation spectroscopic survey DR16 luminous red galaxy and emission-line galaxy samples: cosmic distance and structure growth measurements using multiple tracers in configuration space

We perform a multitracer analysis using the complete Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DR16 luminous red galaxy (LRG) and the DR16 emission-line galaxy (ELG) samples in the configuration space, and successfully detect a cross-correlation between the two samples, and find the growth rate to be f sigma(8)=0.342 +/- 0.085 (similar to 25 per cent accuracy) from the cross-sample alone. We perform a joint measurement of the baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) and redshift space distortion (RSD) parameters at a single effective redshift of z(eff) = 0.77, using the autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions of the LRG and ELG samples, and find that the comoving angular diameter distance D-M(z(eff))/r(d) = 18.85 +/- 0.38, the Hubble distance D-H(z(eff))/r(d) = 19.64 +/- 0.57, and f sigma(8)(z(eff)) = 0.432 +/- 0.038, which is consistent with a Lambda CDM model at 68 per cent CL. Compared to the single-tracer analysis on the LRG sample, the Figure of Merit of alpha(perpendicular to), alpha(parallel to), and f sigma(8) is improved by a factor of 1.11 in our multitracer analysis, and in particular, the statistical uncertainty of f sigma(8) is reduced by 11.6 percent.