Publications related to Plagioclase Glomerocrysts: taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions

The influence of water-saturation on the strength of volcanic rocks and the stability of lava domes

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Michael Heap

The rocks forming a volcanic edifice or dome are typically saturated or partially-saturated with water. However, most experiments aimed at better understanding the mechanical behaviour of volcanic rocks have been performed on dry samples, and therefore mos ...

2023

The Permeability of Porous Volcanic Rock Through the Brittle-Ductile Transition

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Corentin Jean-Marie Rémi Noël, Gabriel Gérard Dominique Meyer, Michael Heap

The permeability of volcanic rock controls the distribution of pore fluids and pore fluid pressure within a volcanic edifice, and is therefore considered to influence eruptive style and volcano deformation. We measured the porosity and permeability of a po ...

2022

Investigating Magma Ocean Solidification on Earth Through Laser‐Heated Diamond Anvil Cell Experiments

Marco Cantoni, Cécile Hébert, Philippe Gillet, Farhang Nabiei, James Badro, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

We carried out a series of silicate fractional crystallization experiments at lower mantle pressures using the laser-heated diamond anvil cell. Phase relations and the compositional evolution of the cotectic melt and equilibrium solids along the liquid lin ...

2021

Composition and Pressure Effects on Partitioning of Ferrous Iron in Iron-Rich Lower Mantle Heterogeneities

Marco Cantoni, Philippe Gillet, Farhang Nabiei, Susannah McGregor Dorfman, James Badro, Charles-Edouard Boukaré

Both seismic observations of dense low shear velocity regions and models of magma ocean crystallization and mantle dynamics support enrichment of iron in Earth’s lowermost mantle. Physical properties of iron-rich lower mantle heterogeneities in the modern ...

2021

Taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions using plagioclase glomerocrysts

Anders McCarthy, Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Pierre Vonlanthen

Crystallization timescales in subvolcanic systems and the consequences of interaction between ascending magmas and gases remain largely unconstrained, as do links between these processes and monitoring signals at restless volcanoes. We apply diffusion chro ...

ELSEVIER2020

An alternative model for the formation of hydrous Mg/Ni layer silicates ("deweylite"/"garnierite") in faulted peridotites of New Caledonia: II. Petrography and chemistry of white and green clay infillings

Gabrielle Dublet

This study, which complements a first mineralogical work, presents detailed petrographic and chemical data on the sequences of clay infillings commonly found in serpentine veins of reactivated faults from the New Caledonian peridotite formation. Chemical t ...

E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG2019

From rock to magma and back again: The evolution of temperature and deformation mechanism in conduit margin zones

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Michael Heap

Explosive silicic volcanism is driven by gas overpressure in systems that are inefficient at outgassing. The zone at the margin of a volcanic conduit-thought to play an important role in the outgassing of magma and therefore pore pressure changes and explo ...

Elsevier2017

Cubic zirconia in >2370◦C impact melt records Earth’s hottest crust

Cyril Cayron

Bolide impacts influence primordial evolution of planetary bodies because they can cause instantaneous melting and vaporization of both crust and impactors. Temperatures reached by impact-generated silicate melts are unknown because meteorite impacts are e ...

Elsevier2017

Weekly to monthly time scale of melt inclusion entrapment prior to eruption recorded by phosphorus distribution in olivine from mid-ocean ridges

Lukas Baumgartner, Mélina Manzini, Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Othmar Müntener

Melt inclusions (MIs) hosted in euhedral olivine have been proposed to represent droplets of primary melt, protected from processes occurring near Earth's surface during eruption. The complex zoning of phosphorus (P) in some olivines and the presence of a ...

Geological Soc Amer, Inc2017

From 2D to 3D Characterization of Materials Subjected to Extreme Pressure and Temperature Conditions

Farhang Nabiei

Planetesimal were the first planetary objects to form in the solar system, which later grew to make the proto-planets. Most of these bodies were differentiated as a result of internal heating. Several differentiated bodies have, then, been accreted followi ...

EPFL2017

The importance of mantle wedge heterogeneity to subduction zone magmatism and the origin of EM1

Stéphane Laurent Escrig

The composition of the convecting asthenospheric mantle that feeds the mantle wedge can be investigated via rear-arc lavas that have minimal slab influence. This "ambient mantle wedge" composition (the composition of the wedge prior to the addition of a sl ...

Elsevier2017

Short magmatic residence times of quartz phenocrysts in Patagonian rhyolites associated with Gondwana breakup

Lukas Baumgartner, Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Susanne Seitz

A key parameter in the study of magma evolution is the time scale on which magmatic processes occur. Using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), SIMS, and cathodoluminescence (CL) analyses, we have measured titanium (Ti) diffusion profiles ...

Geological Society of America2016

Dike emplacement at Bardarbunga, Iceland, induces unusual stress changes, caldera deformation, and earthquakes

Nahid Mohajeri Pour Rayeni

A 45-km-long regional dike was emplaced over a period of 2 weeks in August 2014 at the boundary between the East and North Volcanic Zones in Iceland. This is the first regional dike emplacement in Iceland monitored with modern geophysical networks, the imp ...

Springer Verlag2014

On the relationship between total ozone and atmospheric dynamics and chemistry at mid-latitudes - Part 2: The effects of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, volcanic eruptions and contributions of atmospheric dynamics and chemistry to long-term total ozone changes

Anthony Christopher Davison, Linda Frossard

We present the first spatial analysis of "fingerprints" of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and atmospheric aerosol load after major volcanic eruptions (El Chichon and Mt. Pinatubo) in extreme low and high (termed ELOs and EHOs, respectively) and me ...

Copernicus Publications2013

Four-dimensional distribution of the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull volcanic cloud over Europe observed by EARLINET

Valentin Simeonov, Valentin Mitev, Frank Rüdiger Wagner, Ilya Serikov, Ivan Videnov Grigorov, Xiao Wang

The eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull in April-May 2010 represents a "natural experiment" to study the impact of volcanic emissions on a continental scale. For the first time, quantitative data about the presence, altitude, and layering of ...

Copernicus GmbH2013

A systematic mapping procedure based on the Modified Gaussian Model to characterize magmatic units from olivine/pyroxenes mixtures: Application to the Syrtis Major volcanic shield on Mars

Harold Gabriel Eugène Justin Clenet

Clenet et al. (2011) have developed an adapted version of the Modified Gaussian Model (MGM). The improvements allow the characterization of spectra of olivine-pyroxene(s) mixtures, addressing both modal composition and individual minerals chemical composit ...

Amer Geophysical Union2013

Shock-induced deformation of Shergottites: Shock-pressures and perturbations of magmatic ages on Mars

Philippe Gillet, Pierre Beck

Shergottites and Chassignites practiced major deformation effects whose nature, magnitude and relevance were controversially evaluated and disputatively debated. Our studies of many shocked shergottites present, contrary to numerous previous reports, ample ...

Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd2013

The structure of the asteroid 4 Vesta as revealed by models of planet-scale collisions

Philippe Gillet

Asteroid 4 Vesta seems to be a major intact protoplanet, with a surface composition similar to that of the HED (howardite-eucrite-diogenite) meteorites(1-4). The southern hemisphere is dominated by a giant impact scar(5), but previous impact models(6-8) ha ...

Nature Publishing Group2013

A four-dimensional X-ray tomographic microscopy study of bubble growth in basaltic foam

Understanding the influence of bubble foams on magma permeability and strength is critical to investigations of volcanic eruption mechanisms. Increasing foam porosity decreases strength, enhancing the probability of an eruption. However, higher porosities ...

Nature Publishing Group2012

NIR spectral trends of HED meteorites: Can we discriminate between the magmatic evolution, mechanical mixing and observation geometry effects?

Philippe Gillet, Pierre Beck

The Howardite-Eucrite-Diogenite (HED) suite is a family of differentiated meteorites that provide a unique opportunity to study the differentiation of small bodies. The likely parent-body of this meteorite group, (4) Vesta is presently under study by the D ...

2011