Project stakeholderProject stakeholders are persons or entities who have an interest in a given project. According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), the term project stakeholder refers to "an individual, group, or organization, who may affect, be affected by, or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity, or outcome of a project, program, or portfolio. ISO 21500 uses a similar definition.
Enterprise information systemAn Enterprise Information System (EIS) is any kind of information system which improves the functions of enterprise business processes by integration. This means typically offering high quality of service, dealing with large volumes of data and capable of supporting some large and possibly complex organization or enterprise. An EIS must be able to be used by all parts and all levels of an enterprise. The word enterprise can have various connotations.
Communauté de pratiquevignette|Communauté virtuelle. Le concept de Communauté de Pratique (CoP) est une méthode d’analyse pour étudier les communautés virtuelles qui s’est répandu très rapidement grâce à l’ouvrage d’Étienne Wenger et de Jean Lave, publié en 1991. Ce concept relève principalement de La théorie de l’apprentissage social et de la perspective de Wenger sur la connaissance. Wenger avait soutenu dans son doctorat que « la connaissance est issue d’un processus d’apprentissage qui consiste à devenir progressivement membre d’une communauté ».
Business analyticsL’analyse commerciale ou Business Analytics (BA) désigne les compétences, les technologies et les pratiques d’investigation itératives et continue des performances passées des entreprises afin d’obtenir des informations et orienter le développement des activités futures. L’analyse commerciale se concentre sur le développement de nouvelles idées et la compréhension des performances des entreprises sur la base de données et de méthodes statistiques.
Marketing relationnelLe marketing relationnel ou la mercatique relationnelle est l’ensemble des actions marketing qui visent à établir une relation individuelle, nominative, continue et personnalisée avec chacun des clients d'une marque afin de le fidéliser à long terme et, si possible, à vie. Cette relation se construit par l’établissement d’un dialogue permanent entre la marque et le client qui s’effectue sur différents canaux et supports (site Internet, emailing, mailing, consumer magazine...
Progicielvignette|Alfresco, un progiciel « Progiciel » (mot-valise, contraction de duit et lo), un logiciel professionnel standard ou parfois paquet logiciel (de l'anglais software package) est un terme commercial qui désigne un logiciel applicatif généraliste aux multiples fonctions, composé d'un ensemble de programmes paramétrables et destiné à être utilisé par une large clientèle. Un progiciel est une sorte de « couteau suisse » du logiciel, vendu en volume : plusieurs usages dans un même logiciel.
Project charterIn project management, a project charter, project definition, or project statement is a statement of the scope, objectives, and participants in a project. It provides a preliminary delineation of roles and responsibilities, outlines the project's key goals, identifies the main stakeholders, and defines the authority of the project manager. In Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD), this document is known as the project charter. In customer relationship management (CRM), it is known as the project definition report.
Loyalty business modelThe loyalty business model is a business model used in strategic management in which company resources are employed so as to increase the loyalty of customers and other stakeholders in the expectation that corporate objectives will be met or surpassed. A typical example of this type of model is: quality of product or service leads to customer satisfaction, which leads to customer loyalty, which leads to profitability.
Information exchangeInformation exchange or information sharing means that people or other entities pass information from one to another. This could be done electronically or through certain systems. These are terms that can either refer to bidirectional information transfer in telecommunications and computer science or communication seen from a system-theoretic or information-theoretic point of view. As "information" in this context invariably refers to (electronic) data that encodes and represents the information at hand, a broader treatment can be found under data exchange.
Équipe projetIn a project, a project team or team is defined as "an interdependent collection of individuals who work together towards a common goal and who share responsibility for specific outcomes of their organizations". An additional requirement to the original definition is that "the team is identified as such by those within and outside of the team". As project teams work on specific projects, the first requirement is usually met. In the early stages of a project, the project team may not be recognized as a team, leading to some confusion within the organization.
On-premises softwareOn-premises software (abbreviated to on-prem, and incorrectly referred to as on-premise) is installed and runs on computers on the premises of the person or organization using the software, rather than at a remote facility such as a server farm or cloud. On-premises software is sometimes referred to as "shrinkwrap" software, and off-premises software is commonly called "software as a service" ("SaaS") or "cloud computing".
AnalysisAnalysis (: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle (384–322 B.C.), though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development. The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying;" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.
Schema matchingThe terms schema matching and mapping are often used interchangeably for a database process. For this article, we differentiate the two as follows: schema matching is the process of identifying that two objects are semantically related (scope of this article) while mapping refers to the transformations between the objects. For example, in the two schemas DB1.Student (Name, SSN, Level, Major, Marks) and DB2.Grad-Student (Name, ID, Major, Grades); possible matches would be: DB1.Student ≈ DB2.Grad-Student; DB1.
Business process modelingBusiness process modeling (BPM) in business process management and systems engineering is the activity of representing processes of an enterprise, so that the current business processes may be analyzed, improved, and automated. BPM is typically performed by business analysts, who provide expertise in the modeling discipline; by subject matter experts, who have specialized knowledge of the processes being modeled; or more commonly by a team comprising both. Alternatively, the process model can be derived directly from events' logs using process mining tools.
Business process automationBusiness process automation (BPA), also known as business automation, is the technology-enabled automation of business processes. It can streamline a business for simplicity, achieve digital transformation, increase service quality, improve service delivery, or contain costs. BPA consists of integrating applications, restructuring labor resources, and using software applications throughout the organization. Robotic process automation is an emerging field within BPA.
Franchise (réseau commercial)thumb|Un restaurant franchisé McDonald's à Moncton (Canada). La franchise est un accord commercial et juridique par lequel une entreprise appelée « franchiseur » s'engage à fournir à une seconde entreprise, dite « franchisée », une marque, un savoir-faire et une assistance permanente en contrepartie d'une rémunération. Le terme « franchise » ne s'applique que si les trois conditions précédentes sont réunies. Il existe de nombreux exemples de franchises : Starbucks, McDonald's, Domino's Pizza, les nombreuses enseignes du groupe Accor, Axa, Yves Rocher.
Multitaskingvignette|Multitasking Multitasking est un terme anglophone qui prend sa source dans l’ingénierie informatique, désignant un type de système d’exploitation dit multitâche, capable de traiter en même temps plusieurs programmes informatiques. Il a ensuite été décliné pour s’appliquer à l’humain, désignant désormais le fait de pratiquer plusieurs activités en même temps et plus précisément d’utiliser plusieurs moyens de communication de manière simultanée.
Business process discoveryBusiness process discovery (BPD) related to business process management and process mining is a set of techniques that manually or automatically construct a representation of an organisations' current business processes and their major process variations. These techniques use data recorded in the existing organisational methods of work, documentations, and technology systems that run business processes within an organisation. The type of data required for process discovery is called an event log.
Indicateur clé de performancevignette|Indicateurs clés de performance affichés à l'usine Scanfil de Sieradz, en Pologne. Un indicateur clé de performance (ICP) – en anglais : key performance indicator (KPI) – est un indicateur utilisé pour l'aide à la décision dans les organisations. Les ICP sont utilisés particulièrement en gestion de la performance organisationnelle. Le terme d'« indicateur clé de performance » est une traduction littérale provenant de l'anglais « key performance indicator » (KPI).
CautionnementLe cautionnement ou la fidéjussion, contrat par principe consensuel, permet à une personne (la caution ou le fidéjusseur) de se porter garante du paiement de la dette d'une autre personne. C'est la plus courante et l'une des plus anciennes sûretés puisque le cautionnement était déjà pratiqué par les Romains. Le cautionnement est une convention unilatérale par laquelle une personne physique ou morale, dite « caution », s'engage à payer la dette d'une autre personne, dite « débiteur principal », à son créancier dans l'hypothèse où le débiteur principal ne paierait pas lui même.
