Dissociation (psychologie)En psychologie, la dissociation est une . Ainsi, la prise en compte de la réalité et du vécu est inhibée (pensée, jugement, sentiment), de façon temporaire ou durable, pour supporter un traumatisme psychique. On oppose la dissociation à la psychose qui est une perte de contact avec la réalité, et on distingue plusieurs niveaux de dissociation : la dissociation primaire isole l’expérience, c'est la situation de stress post-traumatique ; la dissociation secondaire est une désintégration de l’expérience, avec un et un ; la dissociation tertiaire est la genèse d'États du Moi indépendants (voir trouble dissociatif de l'identité).
ZielA goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines. A goal is roughly similar to a purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value. Goal setting Goal-setting theory was formulated based on empirical research and has been called one of the most important theories in organizational psychology.
RefoulementLe refoulement (traduit de l'die Verdrängung) est en psychanalyse un mécanisme de défense qui consiste pour un individu à repousser dans l'inconscient les représentations liées à ses pulsions. Le refoulement est écrivait Freud dans son livre Cinq leçons sur la psychanalyse. Pour la psychanalyse, le refoulement est vu comme un mode de défense privilégié contre les pulsions. Le refoulement est l'opération par laquelle le sujet repousse et maintient à distance du conscient des représentations considérées comme désagréables, car inconciliables avec le Moi.
Life skillsLife skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behavior that enable humans to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of life. This concept is also termed as psychosocial competency. The subject varies greatly depending on social norms and community expectations but skills that function for well-being and aid individuals to develop into active and productive members of their communities are considered as life skills.
Experiential avoidanceExperiential avoidance (EA) has been broadly defined as attempts to avoid thoughts, feelings, memories, physical sensations, and other internal experiences — even when doing so creates harm in the long run. The process of EA is thought to be maintained through negative reinforcement — that is, short-term relief of discomfort is achieved through avoidance, thereby increasing the likelihood that the avoidance behavior will persist.
Tend and befriendTend-and-befriend is a behavior exhibited by some animals, including humans, in response to threat. It refers to protection of offspring (tending) and seeking out their social group for mutual defense (befriending). In evolutionary psychology, tend-and-befriend is theorized as having evolved as the typical female response to stress. The tend-and-befriend theoretical model was originally developed by Shelley E. Taylor and her research team at the University of California, Los Angeles and first described in a Psychological Review article published in the year 2000.
GriefGrief is the response to loss, particularly to the loss of someone or some living thing that has died, to which a bond or affection was formed. Although conventionally focused on the emotional response to loss, grief also has physical, cognitive, behavioral, social, cultural, spiritual and philosophical dimensions. While the terms are often used interchangeably, bereavement refers to the state of loss, while grief is the reaction to that loss.
Réponse combat-fuiteLa réponse combat-fuite a été décrite pour la première fois en 1929 par le physiologiste américain Walter Bradford Cannon. Sa théorie explique que la réaction animale face aux menaces accompagnée d'une décharge générale du système nerveux orthosympathique, amorce l'animal à un combat ou une fuite. Cette théorie est plus tard reconnue comme étant le premier stade du syndrome général d'adaptation régulant les réponses au stress parmi les vertébrés et autres organismes.
