Publications associées à Calotte polaire

Polar oceans and sea ice in a changing climate

Julia Schmale, Hélène Paule Angot, Jenny Thomas

Polar oceans and sea ice cover 15% of the Earth’s ocean surface, and the environment is changing rapidly at both poles. Improving knowledge on the interactions between the atmospheric and oceanic realms in the polar regions, a Surface Ocean–Lower Atmospher ...

2023

Synthesis Report on the Environmental Impacts of Polar Research and Logistics in the Polar Regions

Jérôme Chappellaz

Polar sciences are crucial to understand the effects of climate change. 6 out of 9 eco-tipping points identified by the IPCC are situated in the polar regions. Potential rising sea levels, altered weather patterns and changes in sea-currents are all connec ...

2023

CRYOWRF—Model Evaluation and the Effect of Blowing Snow on the Antarctic Surface Mass Balance

Varun Sharma, Michael Lehning, Franziska Gerber

The surface mass balance (SMB) of large polar ice sheets and of snow and ice surfaces in general are incompletely understood because of the complexity of processes involved. One such process, drifting and blowing snow, has only been considered in a very si ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2023

A Case Study on Drivers of the Isotopic Composition of Water Vapor at the Coast of East Antarctica

Michael Lehning, Armin Sigmund, Riqo Chaar

Stable water isotopes (SWIs) contain valuable information on the past climate and phase changes in the hydrologic cycle. Recently, vapor measurements in the polar regions have provided new insights into the effects of snow-related and atmospheric processes ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2023

Physicochemical characterization and source apportionment of Arctic ice-nucleating particles observed in Ny-Alesund in autumn 2019

Athanasios Nenes, Ghislain Gilles Jean-Michel Motos, Jörg Wieder, Guangyu Li

Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) initiate primary ice formation in Arctic mixed-phase clouds (MPCs), altering cloud radiative properties and modulating precipitation. For atmospheric INPs, the complexity of their spatiotemporal variations, heterogeneous sou ...

Copernicus GmbH2023

A full year of aerosol size distribution data from the central Arctic under an extreme positive Arctic Oscillation: insights from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition

Julia Schmale, Benjamin Jérémy Laurent Heutte, Jakob Boyd Pernov, Ivo Fabio Beck, Hélène Paule Angot, Lubna Dada, Federico Bianchi

The Arctic environment is rapidly changing due to accelerated warming in the region. The warming trend is driving a decline in sea ice extent, which thereby enhances feedback loops in the surface energy budget in the Arctic. Arctic aerosols play an importa ...

Copernicus Publications2023

Blue ice in Antarctica: The gateway to travel in time and space

Devis Tuia, Benjamin Alexander Kellenberger, Marc Conrad Russwurm, Veronica Tollenaar

Antarctica has unique areas that expose blue ice, which contrast to most of the continent (~98%) that is covered by snow. Some of these blue ice areas (BIAs) contain meteorite concentrations and (very) old ice, making them very valuable for understanding o ...

GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences2023

Assessing sublimation during snow transport and sublimation effects on the isotopic composition of water vapor

Armin Sigmund

Sublimation influences the water storage in snow covers and glaciers, which is important for water use and projections of the sea level rise. Yet, it is challenging to quantify sublimation for large areas or in conditions of snow transport. In-situ measure ...

EPFL2023

Modeling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0

Michael Lehning, Océane Hames, Marc Schneebeli Zeugin, David Nicholas Wagner, Mahdi Jafari

The remoteness and extreme conditions of the Arctic make it a very difficult environment to investigate. In these polar regions covered by sea ice, the wind is relatively strong due to the absence of obstructions and redistributes a large part of the depos ...

COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH2022

Highly Active Ice‐Nucleating Particles at the Summer North Pole

Julia Schmale

The amount of ice versus supercooled water in clouds is important for their radiative properties and role in climate feedbacks. Hence, knowledge of the concentration of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) is needed. Generally, the concentrations of INPs are fo ...

2022

Physical and Chemical Properties of Cloud Droplet Residuals and Aerosol Particles During the Arctic Ocean 2018 Expedition

Julia Schmale, Andrea Baccarini, Lubna Dada

Detailed knowledge of the physical and chemical properties and sources of particles that form clouds is especially important in pristine areas like the Arctic, where particle concentrations are often low and observations are sparse. Here, we present in sit ...

2022

Annual cycle observations of aerosols capable of ice formation in central Arctic clouds

Julia Schmale, Ivo Fabio Beck

The Arctic is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth, prompting glacial melt, permafrost thaw, and sea ice decline. These severe consequences induce feedbacks that contribute to amplified warming, affecting weather and climate globally. Aerosols and cl ...

Nature Research2022

Investigation of new particle formation mechanisms and aerosol processes at Marambio Station, Antarctic Peninsula

Lubna Dada

Understanding chemical processes leading to the formation of atmospheric aerosol particles is crucial to improve our capabilities in predicting the future climate. However, those mechanisms are still inadequately characterized, especially in polar regions. ...

Copernicus GmbH2022

Water vapor transport in snowpacks

Mahdi Jafari

This thesis is an in-depth treatment of water vapor transport in snowpacks and its impacts on snow structure. The aim is to better understand this transport process and to lay the basis for a model representation in physics-based multi-layer snow models. O ...

EPFL2022

Aerobiology over the Southern Ocean – implications for bacterial colonization of Antarctica

Julia Schmale

Parts of the Antarctic are experiencing dramatic ecosystem change due to rapid and record warming, which may weaken biogeographic boundaries and dispersal barriers, increasing the risks of biological invasions. In this study, we collected air samples from ...

2022

Introducing CRYOWRF v1.0: multiscale atmospheric flow simulations with advanced snow cover modelling

Varun Sharma, Michael Lehning, Franziska Gerber

Accurately simulating snow-cover dynamics and the snow-atmosphere coupling is of major importance for topics as wide-ranging as water resources, natural hazards and climate change impacts with consequences for sea-level rise. We present a new modelling fra ...

2023

Warming of lowland Polish lakes under future climate change scenarios and consequences for ice cover and mixing dynamics

Sebastiano Piccolroaz

Study region: The study region comprises 25 lowland Polish lakes in the northern part of the country. The studied lakes provide domestic, industrial and agricultural water supply, and are major attractions for tourism, thus playing a significant role in th ...

2021

Modelling the small-scale deposition of snow onto structured Arctic sea ice during a MOSAiC storm using snowBedFoam 1.0

Michael Lehning, Océane Hames, Mahdi Jafari, Marc Schneebeli Zeugin, David Nicholas Wagner

The remoteness and extreme conditions of the Arctic make it a very difficult environment to investigate. In these regions, the wind has a substantial effect and redistributes a large part of the snow, which complicates precipitation estimates. Moreover, th ...

2021

Evolution of stream and lake water temperature under climate change

Alfred Johny Wüest, Damien Bouffard, Wolf Hendrik Huwald, Adrien Michel, Bettina Schaefli, Carl Love Mikael Råman Vinnå, Martin Schmid

This report presents past observations and projects the future development of water temperature in Swiss lakes and rivers. Projections are made until the end of the 21st century using the CH2018 climate scenarios. Besides climate change effects on temperat ...

Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN)2021