Shunt intrahépatique par voie transjugulaireUn shunt intrahépatique par voie transjugulaire (en anglais Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt communément abrégé en TIPS ou TiPSS) est un canal artificiel créé dans le foie entre la veine porte et une veine sus-hépatique. Il est créé par voie endovasculaire (en passant par les vaisseaux sanguins) à partir de la veine jugulaire interne. Ce shunt est créé pour traiter l'hypertension portale (qui est souvent dû à une fibrose du foie - cirrhose) qui conduit fréquemment sans traitement à des hémorragies digestives (par suite du saignement de varices œsophagiennes et gastriques) ou à l'accumulation de liquide dans l'abdomen (ascite).
Thrombose de la veine porteLa thrombose de la veine porte (ou thrombose portale) est une maladie caractérisée par l'occlusion de la veine porte par un thrombus (caillot). Elle peut être aiguë ou chronique, et l'occlusion peut être complète ou non. Elle peut provoquer une hypertension portale. La thrombose portale est rare, l'incidence annuelle est inférieure à 1 cas pour 100 000.
Gastric antral vascular ectasiaGastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is an uncommon cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or iron deficiency anemia. The condition is associated with dilated small blood vessels in the pyloric antrum, which is a distal part of the stomach. The dilated vessels result in intestinal bleeding. It is also called watermelon stomach because streaky long red areas that are present in the stomach may resemble the markings on watermelon. The condition was first discovered in 1952, and reported in the literature in 1953.
Human serum albuminHuman serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it constitutes about half of serum protein. It is produced in the liver. It is soluble in water, and it is monomeric. Albumin transports hormones, fatty acids, and other compounds, buffers pH, and maintains oncotic pressure, among other functions. Albumin is synthesized in the liver as preproalbumin, which has an N-terminal peptide that is removed before the nascent protein is released from the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Contrast-induced nephropathyContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a purported form of kidney damage in which there has been recent exposure to medical imaging contrast material without another clear cause for the acute kidney injury. Despite extensive speculation, the actual occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy has not been demonstrated in the literature. Analysis of observational studies has shown that radiocontrast use in CT scanning is not causally related to changes in kidney function.
AntimineralocorticoidAn antimineralocorticoid, also known as a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA or MCRA) or aldosterone antagonist, is a diuretic drug which antagonizes the action of aldosterone at mineralocorticoid receptors. This group of drugs is often used as adjunctive therapy, in combination with other drugs, for the management of chronic heart failure. Spironolactone, the first member of the class, is also used in the management of hyperaldosteronism (including Conn's syndrome) and female hirsutism (due to additional antiandrogen actions).
Alcohol (drug)Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is a depressant drug that is the active ingredient in drinks such as beer, wine, and distilled spirits (hard liquor). It is one of the oldest and most commonly consumed recreational drugs, causing the characteristic effects of alcohol intoxication ("drunkenness"). Among other effects, alcohol produces happiness and euphoria, decreased anxiety, increased sociability, sedation, impairment of cognitive, memory, motor, and sensory function, and generalized depression of central nervous system (CNS) function.
