Publications associées à Random assignment

A First-in-Human Randomized Study to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Neutralization Profile of Two Investigational Long-Acting Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibodies

Introduction: COVID-19 remains a significant risk for the immunocompromised given their lower responsiveness to vaccination or infection. Therefore, passive immunity through long-acting monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) offers a needed approach for pre-exposure ...

2024

Association between endocrine adjuvant therapy intake timing and disease-free survival in patients with high-risk early breast cancer: results of a sub-study of the UCBG- UNIRAD trial

Elise Hélène Dumas, Fabrice André

Background Circadian rhythms regulate cellular physiology and could in fl uence the ef fi cacy of endocrine therapy (ET) in breast cancer (BC). We prospectively tested this hypothesis within the UNIRAD adjuvant phase III trial (NCT01805271). Methods 1278 p ...

Elsevier2024

Arbitrary Decisions are a Hidden Cost of Differentially Private Training

Carmela González Troncoso, Bogdan Kulynych

Mechanisms used in privacy-preserving machine learning often aim to guarantee differential privacy (DP) during model training. Practical DP-ensuring training methods use randomization when fitting model parameters to privacy-sensitive data (e.g., adding Ga ...

Assoc Computing Machinery2023

Interventionist estimands in event history analysis

Matias Janvin

The presence of competing events, such as death, makes it challenging to define causal effects on recurrent outcomes. In this thesis, I formalize causal inference for recurrent events, with and without competing events. I define several causal estimands an ...

EPFL2023

Challenging the Assumptions: Rethinking Privacy, Bias, and Security in Machine Learning

Bogdan Kulynych

Predictive models based on machine learning (ML) offer a compelling promise: bringing clarity and structure to complex natural and social environments. However, the use of ML poses substantial risks related to the privacy of their training data as well as ...

EPFL2023

Translating questions to estimands in randomized clinical trials with intercurrent events

Mats Julius Stensrud

Intercurrent (post-treatment) events occur frequently in randomized trials, and investigators often express interest in treatment effects that suitably take account of these events. Contrasts that naively condition on intercurrent events do not have a stra ...

2022

Interventions for Softening Can Lead to Hardening of Opinions: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Robert West, Andreas Oliver Spitz, Ahmad Abu-Akel

Motivated by the goal of designing interventions for softening polarized opinions on the Web, and building on results from psychology, we hypothesized that people would be moved more easily towards opposing opinions when the latter were voiced by a celebri ...

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2021

The KDD 2021 Workshop on Causal Discovery (CD2021)

Negar Kiyavash, Huan Liu

As a basic and effective tool for explanation, prediction and decision making, causal relationships have been utilized in almost all disciplines. Traditionally, causal relationships are identified by making use of interventions or randomized controlled exp ...

ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY2021

Identification of Vaccine Effects When Exposure Status Is Unknown

Mats Julius Stensrud

Results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) help determine vaccination strategies and related public health policies. However, defining and identifying estimands that can guide policies in infectious disease settings is difficult, even in an RCT. The ...

2023

Identifying a Motivational Profile for Older Adults Towards Increased Physical Activity

Pearl Pu Faltings, Yuan Lu

Personalizing behavior change (BC) strategies to motivate increased physical activity is especially important for the diverse older adult population. However, there is a lack of knowledge about how to profile older users to most effectively personalize BC ...

2021

Doppelganger-based training: Imitating our virtual self to accelerate interpersonal skills learning

Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez, João Pedro de Matos Rodrigues, Marion Sandy Curdy

Interpersonal skills require mastering a wide range of competencies such as communication and adaptation to different situations. Effective training includes the use of videos in which role models perform the desired behaviours such that trainees can learn ...

2021

Motivating Innovation: The Effect of Loss Aversion on the Willingness to Persist

Kenneth Younge

We investigate the willingness of individuals to persist at exploration in the face of failure. Prior research suggests that the organization's "tolerance for failure" may motivate greater exploration by the individual. Little is known, however, about how ...

MIT Press2020

A Telemonitoring and Hybrid Virtual Coaching Solution "CAir" for Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Ádám Dániel Ivánkay

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common disorders in the world. COPD is characterized by airflow obstruction, which is not fully reversible. Patients usually experience breathing-related symptoms with periods of a ...

2020

Efficacy of a Computer-Based Learning Program in Children With Developmental Dyscalculia. What Influences Individual Responsiveness?

Tanja Christina Käser Jacober

This study presents the evaluation of a computer-based learning program for children with developmental dyscalculia and focuses on factors affecting individual responsiveness. The adaptive training program Calcularis 2.0 has been developed according to cur ...

Frontiers Media2020

The Impact of Gender on Engineering Students' Group Work Experiences

Roland John Tormey, Siara Ruth Isaac, Prisca Aeby, Mila Vukmirovic

Women remain significantly underrepresented in engineering education, a cultural milieu which is stereotypically seen as a masculine domain. Laboratory studies and some questionnaire-based studies suggest being numerically under- or overrepresented in stud ...

Tempus Publications2019

The Adapted Lifestyle-Integrated Functional Exercise Program for Preventing Functional Decline in Young Seniors: Development and Initial Evaluation

Wei Zhang

Background: The Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise (LiFE) program is an intervention integrating balance and strength activities into daily life, effective at reducing falls in at-risk people >= 70 years. There is potential for LiFE to be adapted to ...

KARGER2019

Brain-computer interfaces for post-stroke motor rehabilitation: a meta-analysis

José del Rocio Millán Ruiz, Gangadhar Garipelli

Brain‐computer interfaces (BCIs) can provide sensory feedback of ongoing brain oscillations, enabling stroke survivors to modulate their sensorimotor rhythms purposefully. A number of recent clinical studies indicate that repeated use of such BCIs might tr ...

2018

Periodic cellular aluminum structures for space applications : from casting to additive manufacturing

Florian Thibaut Gallien

Mass is one of the crucial parameters for hardware that has to be placed in Earth orbit. Due to its harsh environment, a material with highest specific properties is desired to achieve space missions. The rise and development of new technologies, such as a ...

EPFL2018

Electrically Assisted Movement Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients With Severe Upper Limb Paresis: A Pilot, Single-Blind, Randomized Crossover Study

José del Rocio Millán Ruiz, Andrea Biasiucci, Silvio Ionta, Andrea Maesani, Stephanie Clarke

Objective To evaluate the effects of electrically assisted movement therapy (EAMT) in which patients use functional electrical stimulation, modulated by a custom device controlled through the patient's unaffected hand, to produce or assist task-specific up ...

Elsevier2017

Centrifuge modeling of mitigation-soil-foundation-structure interaction on liquefiable ground

Significant progress has been made in recent years toward a better understanding of the liquefaction phenomena. Yet, the combined effects of excess pore pressure generation, permanent soil deformation, and ground shaking, with and without mitigation, on th ...

Elsevier Sci Ltd2017