Publications associées à Cross-species transmission

Inactivation of influenza A virus in expiratory droplets and aerosol particles and the associated physicochemical drivers

Influenza is an infectious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. Every year, it causes up to one billion cases of disease worldwide. Despite its high disease burden, the transmission pathway of influenza remains subject to debate. There is incre ...

EPFL2024

Stay close, but not too close: aerial image analysis reveals patterns of social distancing in seal colonies

Devis Tuia, Benjamin Alexander Kellenberger

Many species aggregate in dense colonies. Species-specific spatial patterns provide clues about how colonies are shaped by various (a)biotic factors, including predation, temperature regulation or disease transmission. Using aerial imagery, we examined the ...

2023

Host-Pathogen Interactions Through the Genomic Lens

Zhi Ming Xu

Hosts and pathogens are involved in a long-standing evolutionary arms race characterized by successive rounds of evolution. Specifically, while hosts evolve resistance against infections, pathogens adapt to re-establish virulence. Since the signatures of t ...

EPFL2023

Back-to-Africa introductions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as the main cause of tuberculosis in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Jacques Fellay, Zhi Ming Xu

In settings with high tuberculosis (TB) endemicity, distinct genotypes of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) often differ in prevalence. However, the factors leading to these differences remain poorly understood. Here we studied the MTBC populat ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2023

Type 1 piliated uropathogenic Escherichia coli hijack the host immune response by binding to CD14

Kathrin Tomasek

A key attribute of persistent or recurring bacterial infections is the ability of the pathogen to evade the host's immune response. Many Enterobacteriaceae express type 1 pili, a pre-adapted virulence trait, to invade host epithelial cells and establish pe ...

eLIFE SCIENCES PUBL LTD2022

Mycobacterium leprae diversity and population dynamics in medieval Europe from novel ancient genomes

Stewart Cole, Charlotte Avanzi, Philippe Busso

Background Hansen's disease (leprosy), widespread in medieval Europe, is today mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions with around 200,000 new cases reported annually. Despite its long history and appearance in historical records, its origins ...

BMC2021

Modeling infectious disease dynamics towards informed public health interventions, with applications on COVID-19 and cholera

Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre

Emerging and existing infectious diseases pose a constant threat to individuals and communities across the world. In many cases, the burden of these diseases is preventable through public health interventions. However, taking the right decisions and design ...

EPFL2021

The influence of human genetic variation on Epstein–Barr virus sequence diversity

Jacques Fellay, Olivier Noël Marie Naret, Christian Hammer, Dylan Lawless, Sina Rüeger

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common viruses latently infecting humans. Little is known about the impact of human genetic variation on the large inter-individual differences observed in response to EBV infection. To search for a potential imp ...

Nature Research2021

Testing of asymptomatic individuals for fast feedback-control of COVID-19 pandemic

Gabriel Aeppli

We argue that frequent sampling of the fraction ofa priorinon-symptomatic but infectious humans (either by random or cohort testing) significantly improves the management of the COVID-19 pandemic, when compared to intervention strategies relying on data fr ...

2020

Heritability of the HIV-1 reservoir size and decay under long-term suppressive ART

Jacques Fellay, Chenjie Wan

The HIV-1 reservoir is the major hurdle to curing HIV-1. However, the impact of the viral genome on the HIV-1 reservoir, i.e. its heritability, remains unknown. We investigate the heritability of the HIV-1 reservoir size and its long-term decay by analyzin ...

Nature Research2020

Rainfall as a driver of epidemic cholera: Comparative model assessments of the effect of intra-seasonal precipitation events

Andrea Rinaldo, Damiano Pasetto, Francisco Javier Perez Saez, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre, Carla Sciarra

The correlation between cholera epidemics and climatic drivers, in particular seasonal tropical rainfall, has been studied in a variety of contexts owing to its documented relevance. Several mechanistic models of cholera transmission have included rainfall ...

2019

Social network plasticity decreases disease transmission in a eusocial insect

Alessandro Crespi, Laurent Keller

Animal social networks are shaped by multiple selection pressures, including the need to ensure efficient communication and functioning while simultaneously limiting disease transmission. Social animals could potentially further reduce epidemic risk by alt ...

American Association for the Advancement of Science2018

Characterizing human cytomegalovirus reinfection in congenitally infected infants: an evolutionary perspective

Jeffrey David Jensen, Kristen Kay Irwin, Cornelia Pokalyuk, Susanne Petra Pfeifer

Given the strong selective pressures often faced by populations when colonizing a novel habitat, the level of variation present on which selection may act is an important indicator of adaptive potential. While often discussed in an ecological context, this ...

Wiley2017

An ecological and digital epidemiology analysis on the role of human behavior on the 2014 Chikungunya outbreak in Martinique

Marcel Salathé

Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of endemic infections is of critical importance for a deeper understanding of pathogen transmission, and for the design of more efficient public health strategies. However, very few studies in this domain have foc ...

Nature Research2017

Host shift and cospeciation rate estimation from co-phylogenies

Séverine Vuilleumier Varisco

Host shifts can cause novel infectious diseases, and is a key process in diversification. Disentangling the effects of host shift vs. those of cospeciation is non-trivial as both can result in phylogenic congruence. We develop a new framework based on netw ...

Wiley2017

On the Analysis of Intrahost and Interhost Viral Populations: Human Cytomegalovirus as a Case Study of Pitfalls and Expectations

Jeffrey David Jensen, Sebastian Matuszewski, Susanne Petra Pfeifer

Intrahost and interhost assessments of viral diversity are often treated as measures of separate and distinct evolutionary processes, with numerous investigations reporting seemingly incompatible results between the two. For example, in human cytomegalovir ...

American Society for Microbiology2017

Virus transfer at the skin-liquid interface

Tamar Kohn, Timothy R. Julian

Understanding virus transfer between liquid and skin is necessary to estimate transmission during water-related activities. In the present study, we modeled virus transfer from liquid-to-skin and skin-to-liquid. Specifically, we performed human subject stu ...

Amer Chemical Soc2017

Evaluation of oxidation-sensitive polymersomes as vaccine nanocarriers to enhance humoral responses against arenavirus envelope glycoproteins

Clara Galan Navarro

Vaccines currently represent one of the most effective means to control and prevent infectious diseases affecting humans and animals and have dramatically improved public health, quality of life, and life expectancy. Over the last years several conceptual ...

EPFL2017

A modeling approach to estimate the solar disinfection of viral indicator organisms in waste stabilization ponds and surface waters

Tamar Kohn, Michael Jon Mattle

Sunlight is known to be a pertinent factor governing the infectivity of waterborne viruses in the environment. Sunlight inactivates viruses via endogenous inactivation (promoted by absorption of UVB sunlight by the virus) and exogenous processes (promoted ...

Elsevier2016

Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis of Host-Pathogen Interactions

Matthieu Jean-Hubert Delincé

During infection, microbial pathogens encounter phagocytic cells of the host innate immune system, such as macrophages and neutrophils. These encounters typically lead to uptake and killing of the bacteria by the host cell or, conversely, parasitization of ...

EPFL2016