Gram-negative bacteria represent a major group of pathogens that infect all eukaryotes from plants to mammals. Gram-negative microbe-associated molecular patterns include lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans, major immunostimulatory determinants across p ...
The T5-like siphoviruses DT57C and DT571/2, isolated from horse feces, are very closely related to each other, and most of their structural proteins are also nearly identical to T5 phage. Their LTFs (L-shaped tail fibers), however, are composed of two prot ...
Lactoferrin (Lf), component of maternal milk, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Neuroprotective effects of Lf on the immature brain have been recently shown in rodent models of intrauterine growth restriction and cerebral hyp ...
Activation of the innate immune response in Metazoans is initiated through the recognition of microbes by host pattern-recognition receptors. In Drosophila, diaminopimelic acid ( DAP)-containing peptidoglycan from Gram-negative bacteria is detected by the ...
The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin (FN) is a remarkably multifaceted molecule, including numerous fibronectin type III (FNIII) repeats carrying out different functions, which despite being extensively studied for over thirty years still pre ...
Melanoma causes the vast majority of skin cancer deaths, and there is currently no conventional treatment available that is able to cure metastatic melanoma patients. However, a novel treatment modality has recently emerged: cancer immunotherapy. Cancer im ...
The lymphatic system serves a critical role in fluid homeostasis, lipid metabolism and immune surveillance. The growing appreciation of its implication in various diseases challenges the conventional view of lymphatics as a passive transport system. Tradit ...
The structure and the immunology of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Pseudomonas entomophila, an entomopathogenic bacterium isolated from the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, was characterized. The O-antigen portion was established and resulted to be buil ...
Despite its importance during viral or bacterial infections, transcriptional regulation of the interferon-beta gene (Ifnb1) in activated macrophages is only partially understood. Here we report that TRIM33 deficiency results in high, sustained expression o ...
Dendritic cell (DC)-derived exosomes (Dexo) contain the machinery necessary to activate potent antigen-specific immune responses. As promising cell-free immunogens, Dexo have been tested in previous clinical trials for cancer vaccine immunotherapy, yet res ...
