Publications associées à Appareil locomoteur

Synergetic Support of Cartilage Homeostasis via Coupled Thermal-Hydrostatic Pressure Stimuli

Cartilage homeostasis, crucial for musculoskeletal function, is orchestrated by interconnected biophysical cues. In healthy cartilage, repetitive compressive loading not only elicits a range of mechanical stimuli but also induces a gradual transient temper ...

EPFL2024

Investigating the neuromechanical control of healthy gait modulation and pathological gaits observed in cerebral palsy using neuromuscular simulations

Andrea Di Russo

Locomotion is based on a sophisticated interaction among the environment, the musculoskeletal system, the spinal cord, and the brain locomotor areas. Quality of life is strongly related to the proper capability of this movement. However, many pathologies, ...

EPFL2023

Hypogravity modeling of upper extremities: an investigation of manual handling in the workplace

Tatiana Maillard

Experiments on the lower limbs are the only approaches being used to study how hypogravity (HG) (0 < g < 1, e.g., Moon: 1/6 g, Mars: 3/8 g) affects human movement. The goal of this study was to expand this field experimentally by investigating the effect o ...

Frontiers Media Sa2023

Understanding motor control and impairment: An upper-limb model for muscular assessment

Tristan Jean Robin Barjavel

The human upper limb is a complex musculoskeletal system that can still perform various tasks with impressive efficacy thanks to the ability of the central nervous system to control and modulate the activation of more than 40 muscles. Stroke is a leading ...

EPFL2023

Inhibition of CERS1 in skeletal muscle exacerbates age-related muscle dysfunction

Johan Auwerx, Olivier Burri, Xiaoxu Li, Tanes Imamura de Lima, Giacomo Vincenzo Giorgio Von Alvensleben, Martin Rainer Wohlwend, Pirkka-Pekka Untamo Laurila, Ludger Jan Elzuë Goeminne, Amélia Lalou, Barbara Moreira Crisol, Renata Mangione

Age-related muscle wasting and dysfunction render the elderly population vulnerable and incapacitated, while underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we implicate the CERS1 enzyme of the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway in the pathogenesis ...

2023

An Empirical and Subjective Model of Upper Extremity Fatigue Under Hypogravity

Volker Gass, Claude Nicollier, Tatiana Maillard

In the context of extra-terrestrial missions, the effects of hypogravity (0 < G < 1) on the human body can reduce the well-being of the crew, cause musculoskeletal problems and affect their ability to perform tasks, especially during long-term missions. To ...

FRONTIERS MEDIA SA2022

Damage-driven strain localisation in networks of fibres: A computational homogenisation approach

Pablo Antolin Sanchez, Felipe Figueredo Rocha

In many applications, such as textiles, fibreglass, paper and several kinds of biological fibrous tissues, the main load-bearing constituents at the micro-scale are arranged as a fibre network. In these materials, rupture is usually driven by micro-mechani ...

2021

MicroRNA-204-5p modulates mitochondrial biogenesis in C2C12 myotubes and associates with oxidative capacity in humans

Xu Wang

Using an unbiased high-throughput microRNA (miRNA)-silencing screen combined with functional readouts for mitochondrial oxidative capacity in C2C12 myocytes, we previously identified 19 miRNAs as putative regulators of skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabol ...

2020

Prior exercise in humans redistributes intramuscular GLUT4 and enhances insulin -stimulated sarcolemmal and endosomal GLUT4 translocation

Objective: Exercise is a cornerstone in the management of skeletal muscle insulin-resistance. A well-established benefit of a single bout of exercise is increased insulin sensitivity for hours post-exercise in the previously exercised musculature. Although ...

2020

Patterning and mechanics of somite boundaries in zebrafish embryos

Andrew Charles Oates, Sundar Ram Naganathan

The body axis of vertebrates is subdivided into repetitive compartments called somites, which give rise primarily to the segmented architecture of the musculoskeletal system in the adult body. Somites form in a sequential and rhythmic manner in embryos and ...

2020

A modern scleractinian coral with a two-component calcite–aragonite skeleton

Anders Meibom, Jaroslaw Hubert Stolarski

One of the most conserved traits in the evolution of biomineralizing organisms is the taxon-specific selection of skeletal minerals. All modern scleractinian corals are thought to produce skeletons exclusively of the calcium-carbonate polymorph aragonite. ...

2021

Synchrotron MicroCT Reveals the Potential of the Dual Contrast Technique for Quantitative Assessment of Human Articular Cartilage Composition

Goran Lovric

Dual contrast micro computed tomography (CT) shows potential for detecting articular cartilage degeneration. However, the performance of conventional CT systems is limited by beam hardening, low image resolution (full-body CT), and long acquisition times ( ...

2020

Triple Contrast CT Method Enables Simultaneous Evaluation of Articular Cartilage Composition and Segmentation

Goran Lovric

Early degenerative changes of articular cartilage are detected using contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) with a cationic contrast agent (CA). However, cationic CA diffusion into degenerated cartilage decreases with proteoglycan depletion and increas ...

2020

From the product to the process: Fine-scale skeletal structures of scleractinian corals and their relevance to biomineralization models, geochemical sampling strategies, and phylogenetic reconstructions

Anders Meibom, Jaroslaw Hubert Stolarski

Interpretation of biomineralization processes based solely on the end product - the skeleton - may seem abreakneck task. This is because the biologically controlled mineralization involves cascades of intermediatephases and the activity of a myriad of orga ...

2019

A Closed-Loop EMG-Assisted Shoulder Model

Ehsan Sarshari

The human shoulder is a complex musculoskeletal system. Knowledge about its kinematics and dynamics can help improve associated treatments. However, to date direct measurements of these quantities can be only granted through invasive investigations or expe ...

EPFL2018

Design and Validation of a Low-Cost Wearable Assistive Device for Carrying Back Loads

Rahul Kumar Gupta

This paper discusses about a low-cost wearable assistive device designed for people carrying back loads in mountainous regions of Uttarakhand, a northern state of India. People usually carry commodities like stationeries, gas cylinders, cow feeds and other ...

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV2018

Enhanced Respiratory Chain Supercomplex Formation in Response to Exercise in Human Skeletal Muscle

Johan Auwerx, Carlos Canto Alvarez, Xu Wang, Pooja Jha, Chiara Greggio

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of multiple metabolic complications. Physical activity is known to increase mitochondrial content in skeletal muscle, counteracting age-related decline in muscle function and protecting against metabolic and cardiova ...

Cell Press2017

Lipidomics reveals diurnal lipid oscillations in human skeletal muscle persisting in cellular myotubes cultured in vitro

Marc Moniatte, Frédéric Bruno Martin Gachon, Howard Riezman, Benjamin Dieter Weger, Jonathan Paz Montoya

Circadian clocks play an important role in lipid homeostasis, with impact on various metabolic diseases. Due to the central role of skeletal muscle in whole-body metabolism, we aimed at studying muscle lipid profiles in a temporal manner. Moreover, it has ...

National Academy of Sciences2017

An unbiased silencing screen in muscle cells identifies miR-320a, miR-150, miR-196b, and miR-34c as regulators of skeletal muscle mitochondria! metabolism

Johan Auwerx, Pénélope Andreux, Xu Wang

Objective: Strategies improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity are commonly paralleled by improvements in (metabolic) health. We and others previously identified microRNAs regulating mitochondrial oxidative capacity, but data in skeletal muscle are ...

Elsevier Science Bv2017

MOVING ALONG In biomechanics, rehabilitation engineering, and movement analysis, Italian researchers are making great strides

Silvestro Micera

In Italy, biomechanics research and the analysis of human and animal movement have had a very long history, beginning with the exceptional pioneering work of Leonardo da Vinci. In 1489, da Vinci began investigating human anatomy, including an examination o ...

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2015