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Bruno Lemaitre

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Publications associées (128)

Rapid molecular evolution of Spiroplasma symbionts of Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson

Spiroplasma is a genus of Mollicutes whose members include plant pathogens, insect pathogens and endosymbionts of animals. Spiroplasma phenotypes have been repeatedly observed to be spontaneously lost in Drosophila cultures, and several studies have docume ...

2021

Autophagy as a Gatekeeper of Intestinal Homeostasis

Bruno Lemaitre, Xiaoxue Li

The control of gut homeostasis by autophagy in the context of host-microbiota relationship remains poorly understood. In this issue of Developmental Cell, Nagai et al. (2021) show that autophagy plays a crucial role in enterocytes to prevent the mis-regula ...

Cell Press - Elsevier2021

The wall-less bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii builds a polymeric cytoskeleton composed of interacting MreB isoforms

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson, Alexandre Louis André Persat, Xavier Jean-Yves Pierrat

A rigid cell wall defines the morphology of most bacteria. MreB, a bacterial homologue of actin, plays a major role in coordinating cell wall biogenesis and defining cell shape. Spiroplasma are wall-less bacteria that robustly grow with a characteristic he ...

CELL PRESS2021

The iron transporter Transferrin 1 mediates homeostasis of the endosymbiotic relationship between Drosophila melanogaster and Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson, Alice Marra

Iron is involved in numerous biological processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and is therefore subject to a tug-of-war between host and microbes upon pathogenic infections. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, the iron transporter Transferrin 1 ...

Oxford University Press (OUP)2021

A secreted factor NimrodB4 promotes the elimination of apoptotic corpses by phagocytes in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Elodie Julie Virginie Ramond, Bianca Marie Petrignani, Florent François Masson

Programmed cell death plays a fundamental role in development and tissue homeostasis. Professional and non-professional phagocytes achieve the proper recognition, uptake, and degradation of apoptotic cells, a process called efferocytosis. Failure in effero ...

2021

Dual proteomics of Drosophila melanogaster hemolymph infected with the heritable endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Fanny Schüpfer, Samuel Rommelaere, Florent François Masson, Alice Marra

Insects are frequently infected with heritable bacterial endosymbionts. Endosymbionts have a dramatic impact on their host physiology and evolution. Their tissue distribution is variable with some species being housed intracellularly, some extracellularly ...

2021

The Drosophila Baramicin polypeptide gene protects against fungal infection

Bruno Lemaitre, Igor Iatsenko, Alice Marra, Mark Austin Hanson

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster combats microbial infection by producing a battery of effector peptides that are secreted into the haemolymph. Technical difficulties prevented the investigation of these short effector genes until the recent advent of ...

2021

Drosophila Antimicrobial Peptides and Lysozymes Regulate Gut Microbiota Composition and Abundance

Bruno Lemaitre, Alice Marra, Mark Austin Hanson

The gut microbiota affects the physiology and metabolism of animals and its alteration can lead to diseases such as gut dysplasia or metabolic disorders. Several reports have shown that the immune system plays an important role in shaping both bacterial co ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2021

Renal Purge of Hemolymphatic Lipids Prevents the Accumulation of ROS-Induced Inflammatory Oxidized Lipids and Protects Drosophila from Tissue Damage

Bruno Lemaitre, Samuel Rommelaere, Xiaoxue Li

Animals require complex metabolic and physiological adaptations to maintain the function of vital organs in response to environmental stresses and infection. Here, we found that infection or injury in Drosophila induced the excretion of hemolymphatic lipid ...

2020

Blind killing of both male and female Drosophila embryos by a natural variant of the endosymbiotic bacterium Spiroplasma poulsonii

Bruno Lemaitre, Juan Camilo Paredes Escobar, Mario Gonzalo Garcia Arraez, Samuel Rommelaere, Florent François Masson

Spiroplasma poulsonii is a vertically transmitted endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster that causes male-killing, that is the death of infected male embryos during embryogenesis. Here, we report a natural variant of S. poulsonii that is efficiently verti ...

WILEY2020

Transformation of the Drosophila Sex-Manipulative Endosymbiont Spiroplasma poulsonii and Persisting Hurdles for Functional Genetic Studies

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson, Chloé Christiane Laurence Jollivet

Insects are frequently infected by bacterial symbionts that greatly affect their physiology and ecology. Most of these endosymbionts are, however, barely tractable outside their native host, rendering functional genetics studies difficult or impossible. Sp ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2020

New insights on Drosophila antimicrobial peptide function in host defense and beyond

Bruno Lemaitre, Mark Austin Hanson

Since the first animal antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were discovered in insects, Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as a powerful model for their characterization. Drosophila AMPs have been used extensively to monitor the activity of the Toll and Imd NF-κ ...

2020

Steroid‐dependent switch of OvoL/Shavenbaby controls self‐renewal versus differentiation of intestinal stem cells

Jean Philippe Boquete, Bruno Lemaitre, Dani Osman

Adult stem cells must continuously fine‐tune their behavior to regenerate damaged organs and avoid tumors. While several signaling pathways are well known to regulate somatic stem cells, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Here, we demonst ...

Springer Science and Business Media LLC2020

Machiavellian males with high emotional intelligence exhibit fewer depressive symptoms

Bruno Lemaitre

Research on the link between Machiavellianism and depression has yielded equivocal results. In this study, we examined the possible moderating role of ability emotional intelligence (a-EI) on the Machiavellianism-depression relationship. a-EI was approache ...

2020

The adipokine NimrodB5 regulates peripheral hematopoiesis in Drosophila

Jean Philippe Boquete, Bruno Lemaitre, Jan Paul Dudzic, Elodie Julie Virginie Ramond, Bianca Marie Petrignani

In animals, growth is regulated by the complex interplay between paracrine and endocrine signals. When food is scarce, tissues compete for nutrients, leading to critical resource allocation and prioritization. Little is known about how the immune system ma ...

WILEY2020

Comparative RNA-Seq analyses ofDrosophilaplasmatocytes reveal gene specific signatures in response to clean injury and septic injury

Bruno Lemaitre, Jan Paul Dudzic, Elodie Julie Virginie Ramond

Drosophila melanogaster's blood cells (hemocytes) play essential roles in wound healing and are involved in clearing microbial infections. Here, we report the transcriptional changes of larval plasmatocytes after clean injury or infection with the Gram-neg ...

PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE2020

Iron sequestration by transferrin 1 mediates nutritional immunity in Drosophila melanogaster

Jean Philippe Boquete, Bruno Lemaitre, Jasquelin Peña, Igor Iatsenko, Alice Marra

Iron sequestration is a recognized innate immune mechanism against invading pathogens mediated by iron-binding proteins called transferrins. Despite many studies on antimicrobial activity of transferrins in vitro, their specific in vivo functions are poorl ...

National Academy of Sciences2020

Growing Ungrowable Bacteria: Overview and Perspectives on Insect Symbiont Culturability

Bruno Lemaitre, Florent François Masson

Insects are often involved in endosymbiosis, that is, the housing of symbiotic microbes within their tissues or within their cells. Endosymbionts are a major driving force in insects' evolution, because they dramatically affect their host physiology and al ...

AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY2020

Phagocytosis in Drosophila: From molecules and cellular machinery to physiology

Bruno Lemaitre, Claudia Melcarne

Phagocytosis is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that plays a key role in both host defence and tissue homeostasis in multicellular organisms. A range of surface receptors expressed on different cell types allow discriminating between self and non-sel ...

2019

The antimicrobial peptide defensin cooperates with tumour necrosis factor to drive tumour cell death in Drosophila

Bruno Lemaitre, Anna Dostalova

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small cationic molecules best known as mediators of the innate defence against microbial infection. While in vitro and ex vivo evidence suggest AMPs' capacity to kill cancer cells, in vivo demonstration of an anti-tumour r ...

2019

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