Publications de Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Single-photon avalanche diode imagers in biophotonics: review and outlook

Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Samuel Burri, Ivan Michel Antolovic, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are solid-state detectors that offer imaging capabilities at the level of individual photons, with unparalleled photon counting and time-resolved performance. This fascinating technology has progressed at a very ...

2019

Benefits and Challenges of Designing Cryogenic CMOS RF Circuits for Quantum Computers

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Accurate and low-noise generation and amplification of microwave signals are required for the manipulation and readout of quantum bits (qubits). A fault-tolerant quantum computer operates at deep cryogenic temperatures (i.e.,

IEEE2019

Performance characterization of Altera and Xilinx 28 nm FPGAs at cryogenic temperatures

Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Quantum computers enable a massive speed-up in calculations, thanks to the nature of quantum operations. To unlock quantum computation, a classical system infrastructure is required for the control of qubits and processing of their data. While qubits are g ...

2018

Design techniques for a stable operation of cryogenic field-programmable gate arrays

Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

In this paper, we show how a deep-submicron field-programmable gate array (FPGA) can be operated more stably at extremely low temperatures through special firmware design techniques. Stability at low temperatures is limited through long power supply wires ...

2018

The Cryogenic Temperature Behavior of Bipolar, MOS, and DTMOS Transistors in Standard CMOS

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Both CMOS bandgap voltage references and temperature sensors rely on the temperature behavior of either CMOS substrate BJTs or MOS transistors in weak inversion. Bipolar transistors are generally preferred over MOS transistors because of their lower spread ...

2018

Characterization and Compact Modeling of Nanometer CMOS Transistors at Deep-Cryogenic Temperatures

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Cryogenic characterization and modeling of two nanometer bulk CMOS technologies (0.16-μm and 40-nm) are presented in this paper. Several devices from both technologies were extensively characterized at temperatures of 4 K and below. Based on a detailed und ...

2018

Cryogenic low-dropout voltage regulators for stable low-temperature electronics

Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

To enable scalable quantum computers, it has been proposed that the quantum classical interface has to be integrated and operated at deep-cryogenic temperatures. Common to all electronics is the power management and distribution through the system. These s ...

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2018

FPGA Design Techniques for Stable Cryogenic Operation

Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

2018

A reconfigurable cryogenic platform for the classical control of quantum processors

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

The implementation of a classical control infrastructure for large-scale quantum computers is challenging due to the need for integration and processing time, which is constrained by coherence time. We propose a cryogenic reconfigurable platform as the hea ...

2017

Characterization of bipolar transistors for cryogenic temperature sensors in standard CMOS

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

This paper presents the cryogenic characterization of the bipolar substrate PNPs that are typically employed as sensing elements in CMOS integrated temperature sensors. PNPs realized in a standard 160-nm CMOS technology were characterized over the temperat ...

2017

15.5 Cryo-CMOS circuits and systems for scalable quantum computing

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Quantum computing holds the promise to achieve unprecedented computation power and to solve problems today intractable. State-of-the-art quantum processors consist of arrays of quantum bits (qubits) operating at a very low base temperature, typically a few ...

2017

Cryogenic CMOS interfaces for quantum devices

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Quantum computers could efficiently solve problems that are intractable by today's computers, thus offering the possibility to radically change entire industries and revolutionize our lives. A quantum computer comprises a quantum processor operating at cry ...

2017

Cryo-CMOS Circuits and Systems for Quantum Computing Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

A fault-tolerant quantum computer with millions of quantum bits (qubits) requires massive yet very precise control electronics for the manipulation and readout of individual qubits. CMOS operating at cryogenic temperatures down to 4 K (cryo-CMOS) allows fo ...

2017

Cryo-CMOS Electronic Control for Scalable Quantum Computing

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Quantum computers1 could revolutionize computing in a profound way due to the massive speedup they promise. A quantum computer comprises a cryogenic quantum processor and a classical electronic controller. When scaling up the cryogenic quantum processor to ...

2017

Ten years of biophotonics single-photon SPAD imager applications: retrospective and outlook, Multiphoton Microscopy in the Biomedical Sciences XVII

Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode) arrays are single-photon imagers that can provide unparalleled timeresolved sensing performance. Since their inception in standard CMOS technologies (2003), a host of architectures and target applications have been expl ...

2017

Cryo-CMOS for quantum computing

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

Cryogenic CMOS, or cryo-CMOS circuits and systems, are emerging in VLSI design for many applications, in primis quantum computing. Fault-tolerant quantum bits (qubits) in surface code configurations, one of the most accepted implementations in quantum comp ...

2017

Nanometer CMOS characterization and compact modeling at deep-cryogenic temperatures

Edoardo Charbon, Fabio Sebastiano, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

The characterization of nanometer CMOS transistors of different aspect ratios at deep-cryogenic temperatures (4 K and 100 mK) is presented for two standard CMOS technologies (40 nm and 160 nm). A detailed understanding of the device physics at those temper ...

2017

LinoSPAD: a time-resolved 256x1 CMOS SPAD line sensor system featuring 64 FPGA-based TDC channels running at up to 8.5 giga-events per second

Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Samuel Burri, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

LinoSPAD is a reconfigurable camera sensor with a 256x 1 CMOS SPAD (single-photon avalanche diode) pixel array connected to a low cost Xilinx Spartan 6 FPGA. The LinoSPAD sensor's line of pixels has a pitch of 24 pm and 40% fill factor. The FPGA implements ...

Spie-Int Soc Optical Engineering2016

A Cryogenic 1 GSa/s, Soft-Core FPGA ADC for Quantum Computing Applications

Edoardo Charbon, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle

We propose an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture, implemented in an FPGA, that is fully reconfigurable and easy to calibrate. This approach allows to alter the design, according to the system requirements, with simple modifications in the firmw ...

2016

Compact solid-state CMOS single-photon detector array for in vivo NIR fluorescence lifetime oncology measurements

Claudio Bruschini, Edoardo Charbon, Krisztian Homicsko, François Eric Powolny, Riccardo Sinisi, Harald Arjan Robert Homulle, David Li

In near infrared fluorescence-guided surgical oncology, it is challenging to distinguish healthy from cancerous tissue. One promising research avenue consists in the analysis of the exogenous fluorophores' lifetime, which are however in the (sub-)nanosecon ...

2016