Publication

Anaerobic degradation of vinyl chloride in aquifer microcosms

Christof Holliger
2011
Journal Articles

Résumé

The anaerobic degradation potential at a chloroethene-contaminated site was investigated by operating two anoxic column aquifer microcosms enriched in iron(III). One column was fed with vinyl chloride (VC) only (column A) and one with acetate in addition (column B). In column A, after about 600 pore volume exchanges (PVEs) VC started to disappear and reached almost zero VC recovery in the effluent after 1000 PVEs. No formation of ethene was observed. In column B, effluent VC was almost always only a fraction of influent VC. Formation of ethene was observed after 800 PVEs and started to become an important degradation product after 1550 PVEs. However, ethene was never observed in stoichiometric amounts compared with disappeared VC. The average stable isotope enrichment factor for VC disappearance in column A was determined to be -4.3‰. In column B the isotope enrichment factor shifted from -10.7 to -18.5‰ concurrent with an increase in ethene production. Batch microcosms inoculated with column material showed similar isotope enrichment factors as the column microcosms. These results indicated that two degradation processes occurred, one in column A and two in parallel in column B with increasing importance of reductive dechlorination with time. This study suggests that in addition to reductive dechlorination other degradation processes such as anaerobic oxidation should be taken into account when evaluating natural attenuation of VC and that isotope analysis can help to differentiate between different pathways of VC removal.

Source officielle

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0c30e2ee-a8be-47b7-8987-b3dc49d995aa

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Christof Holliger
2011
Journal Articles

Résumé

Source officielle

https://infoscience.epfl.ch/entities/publication/0c30e2ee-a8be-47b7-8987-b3dc49d995aa

À propos de ce résultat

Concepts associés (25)

Isotope analysis

Isotope analysis is the identification of isotopic signature, abundance of certain stable isotopes of chemical elements within organic and inorganic compounds. Isotopic analysis can be used to understand the flow of energy through a food web, to reconstruct past environmental and climatic conditions, to investigate human and animal diets, for food authentification, and a variety of other physical, geological, palaeontological and chemical processes.

Dégradation d'un polymère

vignette|Délaminage d'une peinture automobile. La plupart des polymères organiques (et des matériaux correspondants) sont, de par leur structure caténaire, considérés comme des composés « vivants », car sensibles à leur environnement et sujets au vieillissement. La dégradation d'un polymère est le changement, généralement non désiré, de ses propriétés physiques et mécaniques, causé par des facteurs environnementaux plus ou moins agressifs : attaque d'un produit chimique tel un acide concentré, dioxygène (oxydation), chaleur, radiation (photolyse), eau (hydrolyse), contrainte Ensemble, ces facteurs agissent souvent en synergie.

Composition isotopique

La composition isotopique d'un échantillon indique les proportions des divers isotopes d'un élément chimique particulier (ou de plusieurs éléments) dans cet échantillon. Les noyaux de tous les atomes d'un même élément chimique comportent le même nombre de protons (ce nombre est aussi celui des électrons présents dans le cortège électronique qui enveloppe le noyau de l'atome neutre) mais peuvent comporter différents nombres de neutrons. Les atomes qui ne diffèrent que par le nombre de neutrons sont des isotopes d'un même élément chimique.

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