Achieving the Dispatchability of Distribution Feeders Through Prosumers Data Driven Forecasting and Model Predictive Control of Electrochemical Storage

We propose and experimentally validate a process to dispatch the operation of a distribution feeder with heterogeneous prosumers according to a trajectory with 5 min resolution, called dispatch plan, established the day before the operation. The controllable element is a utility-scale grid-connected battery energy storage system (BESS) integrated with a minimally pervasive monitoring infrastructure. The process consists of two stages: day-ahead, where the dispatch plan is determined by using forecast of the aggregated consumption and local distributed generation (prosumption), and real-time operation, where the mismatch between the actual prosumption realization and dispatch plan is compensated for thanks to adjusting the real power injections of the BESS with model predictive control (MPC). MPC accounts for BESS operational constraints thank to reduced order dynamic grey-box models identified from online measurements. The experimental validation is performed by using a grid-connected 720 kVA/500 kWh BESS to dispatch the operation of a 20-kV distribution feeder of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne campus with both conventional consumption and distributed photo-voltaic generation.