From dysfunction to bis-function: on the design and applications of functionalised ionic liquids

Some of the recent developments concerning the synthesis, properties and applications of functionalised ionic liqs. are highlighted. Various strategies are presented, including functionalisation of the cation, anion or both cation and anion in the same ionic liq., leading to what has been termed dual-functionalised ionic liqs. Particular attention is given to the application of functionalised ionic liqs. as reaction media, to stabilize nanoparticles/modify surfaces and to generate porous materials.