Publications related to Relative risk

Spatial Distributions of Diarrheal Cases in Relation to Housing Conditions in Informal Settlements: A Cross-Sectional Study in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Jérôme Chenal, Vitor Pessoa Colombo, Jürg Utzinger

In addition to individual practices and access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities, housing conditions may also be associated with the risk of diarrhea. Our study embraced a broad approach to health determinants by looking at housing depriv ...

2023

Assessing real-world gait with digital technology? Validation, insights and recommendations from the Mobilise-D consortium

Kamiar Aminian, Anisoara Ionescu, Abolfazl Soltani, Francesca Salis

Background: Although digital mobility outcomes (DMOs) can be readily calculated from real-world data collected with wearable devices and ad-hoc algorithms, technical validation is still required. The aim of this paper is to comparatively assess and validat ...

BioMed Central2023

Association of neighbourhood disadvantage and individual socioeconomic position with all-cause mortality: a longitudinal multicohort analysis

Stéphane Joost, Idris Guessous

Background Few studies have examined the interactions between individual socioeconomic position and neighbourhood deprivation and the findings so far are heterogeneous. Using a large sample of diverse cohorts, we investigated the interaction effect of neig ...

ELSEVIER SCI LTD2022

Identifying and Characterizing Trans Women in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study as an Epidemiologically Distinct Risk Group

Jacques Fellay

Background As trans women are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic, and are still understudied, we aimed to identify and characterize the trans women in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS). Methods A combination of criteria from pre-existing cohor ...

OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC2022

A Comparison of Methods for OOV-Word Recognition on a New Public Dataset

Petr Motlicek

A common problem for automatic speech recognition systems is how to recognize words that they did not see during training. Currently there is no established method of evaluating different techniques for tackling this problem. We propose using the CommonVoi ...

IEEE Signal Processing Society2021

Identification of Vaccine Effects When Exposure Status Is Unknown

Mats Julius Stensrud

Results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) help determine vaccination strategies and related public health policies. However, defining and identifying estimands that can guide policies in infectious disease settings is difficult, even in an RCT. The ...

2023

Size and duration of COVID-19 clusters go along with a high SARS-CoV-2 viral load: A spatio-temporal investigation in Vaud state, Switzerland

Stéphane Joost, Séverine Vuilleumier Varisco, Anaïs Laurence Ladoy, Idris Guessous, Onya Opota

To understand the geographical and temporal spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the first documented wave of infection in the state of Vaud, Switzerland, we analyzed clusters of positive cases using the precise residential location of 33,651 individuals tested (RT ...

2021

Low-energy stereodynamics of ion-forming reactions

Junwen Zou

In this thesis, an experimental study of low-temperature stereodynamics in the reactive scattering of Ne(3P2) + X collisions (X = Ar, Kr, Xe, CO and N2) is presented. The steric effect of Ne(3P2) in these reactions is observed experimentally using a contro ...

EPFL2021

Ten seconds of my nights: Exploring methods to measure brightness, loudness and attendance and their associations with alcohol use from video clips

Daniel Gatica-Perez, Skanda Muralidhar, Lakmal Buddika Meegahapola

Introduction Most evidence on associations between alcohol use behaviors and the characteristics of its social and physical context is based on self-reports from study participants and, thus, only account for their subjective impressions of the situation. ...

2021

Developing the Chemistry of Colloidal Cu Nanocrystals to Advance the CO2 Electrochemical Reduction

Raffaella Buonsanti

The ability to tailor make materials with atomic scale precision is crucial for understanding the sensitivities of their performance parameters and for achieving the design specification corresponding to optimal device operation. Herein, this topic is disc ...

SWISS CHEMICAL SOC2021

Antiviral Screen against Canine Distemper Virus-Induced Membrane Fusion Activity

Gerardo Turcatti, Marc Chambon, Jonathan Patrice Vesin

Canine distemper virus (CDV), a close relative of the human pathogen measles virus (MeV), is an enveloped, negative sense RNA virus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus and causes severe diseases in dogs and other carnivores. Although the vaccination is ...

2021

A Data-Driven Approach Based on Multivariate Copulas for Quantitative Risk Assessment of Concrete Dam

Zhenzhu Meng, Yating Hu, Chenfei Shao

Risk assessment of dam's running status is an important part of dam management. A data-driven method based on monitored displacement data has been applied in risk assessment, owing to its easy operation and real-time analysis. However, previous data-driven ...

2019

Relative Effects of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program on Hospitals That Serve Poorer Patients

Yun Wang, Christine Choirat

Importance: Hospitals that serve poorer populations have higher readmission rates. It is unknown whether these hospitals effectively lowered readmission rates in response to the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP). Objective: To compare pre-post ...

2019

Rainfall as a driver of epidemic cholera: Comparative model assessments of the effect of intra-seasonal precipitation events

Andrea Rinaldo, Damiano Pasetto, Francisco Javier Perez Saez, Joseph Chadi Benoit Lemaitre, Carla Sciarra

The correlation between cholera epidemics and climatic drivers, in particular seasonal tropical rainfall, has been studied in a variety of contexts owing to its documented relevance. Several mechanistic models of cholera transmission have included rainfall ...

2019

HIV Transmission Chains Exhibit Greater HLA-B Homogeneity Than Randomly Expected

Jacques Fellay, Christian Axel Wandall Thorball

Background: HIV's capacity to escape immune recognition by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) is a core component of HIV pathogenesis. A better understanding of the distribution of HLA class I in HIV-infected patients would improve our knowledge of pathogenesis ...

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS2019

Hardening acceleration/hardening retardation composition for building materials

Paul Bowen, Abhishek Kumar

Provided herein is a composition for use as a hardening regulator, e.g. hardening accelerator or hardening retarder, for building materials, as well as methods for producing thereof. The composition is characterized by a biphasic nature in which solid calc ...

2018

A PET-Based Nomogram for Oropharyngeal Cancers

Adrien Raphaël Depeursinge

Purpose: In the context of locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer (LAOC) treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT) (combined with chemotherapy or cetuximab), the aims of this study were: (1) to identify PET-FDG parameters correlated with overall survival (O ...

10.1016/j.ejca.2017.01.0182017

Designing Statistical Estimators That Balance Sample Size, Risk, and Computational Cost

Volkan Cevher

This paper proposes a tradeoff between computational time, sample complexity, and statistical accuracy that applies to statistical estimators based on convex optimization. When we have a large amount of data, we can exploit excess samples to decrease stati ...

Ieee-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc2015

Parameter Identification to Enforce Practical Observability of Nonlinear Systems

Dominique Bonvin, Levente Bodizs

The sensitivity of the unmeasured state variables to the measurements strongly affects the rate of convergence of a state estimation algorithm. To overcome potential observability problems, the approach has been to identify the model parameters so as to re ...

2007

Bayesian risk analysis of financial time series

Christophe Osinski

This thesis is a contribution to financial statistics. One of the principal concerns of investors is the evaluation of portfolio risk. The notion of risk is vague, but in finance it is always linked to possible losses. In this thesis, we present some measu ...

EPFL2006