Publications related to Endogenous retrovirus

KRAB zinc finger protein-mediated control of transposon-embedded regulatory sequences from human germline to early embryos

Transposable elements (TEs), also called jumping genes, are genetic elements capable of changing their position within the genome of their host. They make up large fractions of genomes, including 45% of human DNA content, according to current estimates. S ...

EPFL2021

The influence of human genetic variation on Epstein–Barr virus sequence diversity

Jacques Fellay, Olivier Noël Marie Naret, Christian Hammer, Dylan Lawless, Sina Rüeger

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common viruses latently infecting humans. Little is known about the impact of human genetic variation on the large inter-individual differences observed in response to EBV infection. To search for a potential imp ...

Nature Research2021

HIV-1 and human genetic variation

Jacques Fellay

Over the past four decades, research on the natural history of HIV infection has described how HIV wreaks havoc on human immunity and causes AIDS. HIV host genomic research, which aims to understand how human genetic variation affects our response to HIV i ...

NATURE RESEARCH2021

Endogenous retroviruses drive KRAB zinc-finger protein family expression for tumor suppression

Didier Trono, Priscilla Turelli, Alexandre Coudray

Gene expression aberration is a hallmark of cancers, but the mechanisms underlying such aberrations remain unclear. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are genomic repetitive elements that potentially function as enhancers. Since numerous HERVs are epige ...

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE2020

Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Transactivator Tax Exploits the XPB Subunit of TFIIH during Viral Transcription

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax oncoprotein is required for viral gene expression. Tax transactivates the viral promoter by recruiting specific transcription factors but also by interfering with general transcription factors involved in ...

American Society for Microbiology2020

Primate-restricted KRAB zinc finger proteins and target retrotransposons control gene expression in human neurons

Didier Trono, Bart Deplancke, Priscilla Turelli, Christian Axel Wandall Thorball, Julien Léonard Duc, Charlène Mireille Raymonde Raclot, Alexandre Coudray, Julien Paul André Pontis, Delphine Yvette L Grun, Christopher James Playfoot, Evgeniia Pankevich

In the first days of embryogenesis, transposable element-embedded regulatory sequences (TEeRS) are silenced by Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) zinc finger proteins (KZFPs). Many TEeRS are subsequently co-opted in transcription networks, but how KZFPs influen ...

2020

Mild inborn errors of metabolism in commonly used inbred mouse strains

Johan Auwerx, Wei Zhang, Evan Graehl Williams

Inbred mouse strains are a cornerstone of translational research but paradoxically many strains carry mild inborn errors of metabolism. For example, alpha-aminoadipic acidemia and branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase deficiency are known in C57BL/6J mice. ...

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE2019

The Ovulatory Signal Precipitates LRH-1 Transcriptional Switching Mediated by Differential Chromatin Accessibility

Kristina Schoonjans

In the ovary, follicular growth and maturation are complicated processes that involve a series of morphological and physiological changes in oocytes and somatic cells leading to ovulation and luteinization, essential processes for fertility. Given the comp ...

2019

A modeling approach to estimate the solar disinfection of viral indicator organisms in waste stabilization ponds and surface waters

Tamar Kohn, Michael Jon Mattle

Sunlight is known to be a pertinent factor governing the infectivity of waterborne viruses in the environment. Sunlight inactivates viruses via endogenous inactivation (promoted by absorption of UVB sunlight by the virus) and exogenous processes (promoted ...

Elsevier2016

Transposable Elements and Their KRAB-ZFP Controllers Regulate Gene Expression in Adult Tissues

Didier Trono, Priscilla Turelli, Sandra Eloise Kjeldsen, Gabriela Ecco, Julien Léonard Duc, Marco Cassano, Annamaria Kauzlaric, Andrea Coluccio, Michaël Imbeault, Helen Mary Rowe

KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) are early embryonic controllers of transposable elements (TEs), which they repress with their cofactor KAP1 through histone and DNA methylation, a process thought to result in irreversible silencing. Using a ...

Cell Press - Elsevier2016

GreA and GreB Enhance Expression of Escherichia coil RNA Polymerase Promoters in a Reconstituted Transcription-Translation System

Sebastian Maerkl, Zoe Newell Swank, Henrike Marie Niederholtmeyer

Cell-free environments are becoming viable alternatives for implementing biological networks in synthetic biology. The reconstituted cell-free expression system (PURE) allows characterization of genetic networks under defined conditions but its applicabili ...

Amer Chemical Soc2016

A Large-Scale Functional Screen to Identify Epigenetic Repressors of Retrotransposon Expression

Didier Trono, Gabriela Ecco, Helen Mary Rowe

Deposition of epigenetic marks is an important layer of the transcriptional control of retrotransposons, especially during early embryogenesis. Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) are one of the largest families of transcription ...

2016

Unraveling the KRAB/KAP1 control of transposable elements in pluripotent and somatic cells

Gabriela Ecco

Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences able to change position in the genome, and represent more than 40% of mammalian genetic material. TEs can have positive or detrimental effects on the host, being both important motors of evolution and genomic t ...

EPFL2016

Limits and patterns of cytomegalovirus genomic diversity in humans

Jeffrey David Jensen, Cornelia Pokalyuk

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) exhibits surprisingly high genomic diversity during natural infection although little is known about the limits or patterns of HCMV diversity among humans. To address this deficiency, we analyzed genomic diversity among congeni ...

National Academy of Sciences2015

De novo DNA methylation of endogenous retroviruses is shaped by KRAB-ZFPs/KAP1 and ESET

Didier Trono, Sandra Eloise Kjeldsen, Sonia Verp, Marc Samuel Friedli, Helen Mary Rowe

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) undergo de novo DNA methylation during the first few days of mammalian embryogenesis, although the factors that control the targeting of this process are largely unknown. We asked whether KAP1 (KRAB-associated protein 1) is i ...

Company Of Biologists Ltd2013

Analysis of HIV-1 Expression Level and Sense of Transcription by High-Throughput Sequencing of the Infected Cell

Jacques Rougemont, Amalio Telenti

Next-generation sequencing offers an unprecedented opportunity to jointly analyze cellular and viral transcriptional activity without prerequisite knowledge of the nature of the transcripts. SupT1 cells were infected with a vesicular stomatitis virus G env ...

American Society for Microbiology2011

The Interplay between Cytidine Deaminases, HIV and Domesticated Genetic Parasites

"There is more virus in us than us in us". John Coffin's famous sentence illustrates that particular nucleic acid sequences related to exogenous viruses, called retrotransposons, constitute almost half of the human genome and largely exceeds the amount of ...

EPFL2010

Innate Barriers to Genome Invasion : how TRIM5a Restricts Retroelements

Pierre Maillard

Over the course of evolution, retroviruses and their hosts have been in constant conflict, resulting in a long-term evolutionary "arms race" in which host and pathogen alternately gain selective advantages through functional innovations. On the host side, ...

EPFL2010

Identification of genetic insulator elements to increase the safety of viral gene therapy vectors

Armelle Gaussin

Haematopoeitic system diseases, both acquired and inherited, can be currently cured by allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This treatment provides highly successful immune function recovery for patients receiving grafts of HLA-compatible d ...

EPFL2010

KAP1 controls endogenous retroviruses in embryonic stem cells

Didier Trono, Daniel Constam, Séverine Reynard, Jacques Rougemont, Sonia Verp, Hillary Layard-Liesching, Helen Mary Rowe, Johan Jakobsson, Pierre Maillard

More than forty per cent of the mammalian genome is derived from retroelements, of which about one-quarter are endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Some are still active, notably in mice the highly polymorphic early transposon (ETn)/MusD and intracisternal A-ty ...

Nature Publishing Group2010