Publications associées à Éruption volcanique

The influence of water-saturation on the strength of volcanic rocks and the stability of lava domes

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Michael Heap

The rocks forming a volcanic edifice or dome are typically saturated or partially-saturated with water. However, most experiments aimed at better understanding the mechanical behaviour of volcanic rocks have been performed on dry samples, and therefore mos ...

2023

The Permeability of Porous Volcanic Rock Through the Brittle-Ductile Transition

Marie Estelle Solange Violay, Corentin Jean-Marie Rémi Noël, Gabriel Gérard Dominique Meyer, Michael Heap

The permeability of volcanic rock controls the distribution of pore fluids and pore fluid pressure within a volcanic edifice, and is therefore considered to influence eruptive style and volcano deformation. We measured the porosity and permeability of a po ...

2022

Taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions using plagioclase glomerocrysts

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Anders McCarthy, Pierre Vonlanthen

Crystallization timescales in subvolcanic systems and the consequences of interaction between ascending magmas and gases remain largely unconstrained, as do links between these processes and monitoring signals at restless volcanoes. We apply diffusion chro ...

ELSEVIER2020

Deciphering Iron-Dependent Activity in Oxygen Evolution Catalyzed by Nickel-Iron Layered Double Hydroxide

Xile Hu, Lichen Bai, Seunghwa Lee

Nickel iron oxyhydroxide is the benchmark catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline medium. Whereas the presence of Fe ions is essential to the high activity, the functions of Fe are currently under debate. Using oxygen isotope labeling ...

Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH2020

Study of Aerodynamic Grain Entrainment in Aeolian Transport

Aeolian transport controls landform formations on Earth and other planets and crucially affects the atmospheric system. With elaborate wind tunnel measurements, we find that the aerodynamic entrainment rate follows a yet unreported exponential increase in ...

2020

Plagioclase Glomerocrysts: taking the pulse of volcanic eruptions

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Anders McCarthy

Volcanic eruptions result from complex interplay of magmatic processes including the ascent and storage of magma in the crust, volatile exsolution and crystallization. The dynamics of crystallization in shallow subvolcanic systems and the consequences of i ...

2019

Reply to Comment by Jennings et al. on "Investigating Earth's Formation History Through Copper and Sulfur Metal-Silicate Partitioning During Core-Mantle Differentiation"

James Badro

Recognizing existing materials that can act as proxies for Earth's building blocks, and understanding the accretionary pathway taken during Earth's growth, persist as outstanding issues in need of resolution. In Mahan, Siebert, Blanchard, Badro, et al. (20 ...

AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION2019

The importance of mantle wedge heterogeneity to subduction zone magmatism and the origin of EM1

Stéphane Laurent Escrig

The composition of the convecting asthenospheric mantle that feeds the mantle wedge can be investigated via rear-arc lavas that have minimal slab influence. This "ambient mantle wedge" composition (the composition of the wedge prior to the addition of a sl ...

Elsevier2017

Hydro-mechanical analysis of volcanic ash slopes during rainfall

Lyesse Laloui, Alessio Ferrari, John Eichenberger, Chao Li

Rainfall-induced landslides in volcanic ashes represent a major natural hazard in many regions around the world. Due to their loose structure, volcanic ash slopes are prone to rainfall-induced landslides. The paper presents a continuum modelling approach f ...

Ice Publishing2016

Hydro-mechanical analysis of volcanic ash slopes during rainfall

Lyesse Laloui, Alessio Ferrari, John Eichenberger

Rainfall-induced landslides in volcanic ashes represent a major natural hazard in many regions around the world. Owing to their loose structure, volcanic ash slopes are prone to rainfall-induced landslides. The paper presents a continuum modelling approach ...

Ice Publishing2016

Great Balls of Fire: A probabilistic approach to quantify the hazard related to ballistics – A case study at La Fossa volcano, Vulcano Island, Italy

Pierino Lestuzzi

We present a probabilistic approach to quantify the hazard posed by volcanic ballistic projectiles (VBP) and their potential impact on the built environment. A model named Great Balls of Fire (GBF) is introduced to describe ballistic trajectories of VBPs a ...

Elsevier Science Bv2016

Short magmatic residence times of quartz phenocrysts in Patagonian rhyolites associated with Gondwana breakup

Anders Meibom, Stéphane Laurent Escrig, Lukas Baumgartner, Susanne Seitz

A key parameter in the study of magma evolution is the time scale on which magmatic processes occur. Using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), SIMS, and cathodoluminescence (CL) analyses, we have measured titanium (Ti) diffusion profiles ...

Geological Society of America2016

Dike emplacement at Bardarbunga, Iceland, induces unusual stress changes, caldera deformation, and earthquakes

Nahid Mohajeri Pour Rayeni

A 45-km-long regional dike was emplaced over a period of 2 weeks in August 2014 at the boundary between the East and North Volcanic Zones in Iceland. This is the first regional dike emplacement in Iceland monitored with modern geophysical networks, the imp ...

Springer Verlag2014

Four-dimensional distribution of the 2010 Eyjafjallajokull volcanic cloud over Europe observed by EARLINET

Valentin Simeonov, Ilya Serikov, Ivan Videnov Grigorov, Xiao Wang, Frank Rüdiger Wagner, Valentin Mitev

The eruption of the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajokull in April-May 2010 represents a "natural experiment" to study the impact of volcanic emissions on a continental scale. For the first time, quantitative data about the presence, altitude, and layering of ...

Copernicus GmbH2013

Early warning thresholds for partially saturated slopes in volcanic ashes

Lyesse Laloui, Alessio Ferrari, John Eichenberger

Rainfall-induced landslides in steep soil slopes of volcanic origin are a major threat to human lives and infrastructure. In the context of constructing early warning systems in regions where extensive data on landslide occurrences and associated rainfall ...

Elsevier2013

On the relationship between total ozone and atmospheric dynamics and chemistry at mid-latitudes - Part 2: The effects of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation, volcanic eruptions and contributions of atmospheric dynamics and chemistry to long-term total ozone changes

Anthony Christopher Davison, Linda Frossard

We present the first spatial analysis of "fingerprints" of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and atmospheric aerosol load after major volcanic eruptions (El Chichon and Mt. Pinatubo) in extreme low and high (termed ELOs and EHOs, respectively) and me ...

Copernicus Publications2013

Hydro-mechanical behaviour of a volcanic ash

Lyesse Laloui, Alessio Ferrari, John Eichenberger

This paper presents experimental analysis and numerical modelling aimed at improved understanding and prediction of the hydro-mechanical behaviour of volcanic ash at various states of saturation. Results from a comprehensive experimental program are presen ...

Ice Publishing2013

Dynamic pressure distribution around a fixed confined block impacted by plunging and aerated water jets

Anton Schleiss, Rafael Xavier Meriade Duarte

The scour process created by the impingement of high-velocity water jets on fissured rock is the result of complex physical phenomena. Of great importance are the jet development during the trajectory through the atmosphere, the diffusion process inside th ...

TUP2013

A four-dimensional X-ray tomographic microscopy study of bubble growth in basaltic foam

Understanding the influence of bubble foams on magma permeability and strength is critical to investigations of volcanic eruption mechanisms. Increasing foam porosity decreases strength, enhancing the probability of an eruption. However, higher porosities ...

Nature Publishing Group2012

Diffusive-type of double diffusion in lakes - a review

Alfred Johny Wüest, Martin Schmid

This chapter is a contribution in honour of Gerhard H Jirka, who has been fascinated by the amazing variety of small-scale structures that nature surprises us with, particularly in stratified natural waters. Here, we focus on the diffusive regime of double ...

CRC Press2012